Blast-related head injuries are one of the most prevalent injuries among military personnel deployed in service of Operation Iraqi Freedom. Although several studies have evaluated symptoms after blast injury in military personnel, few studies compared them to nonblast injuries or measured symptoms within the acute stage after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Knowledge of acute symptoms will help d...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the signature injury of modern military conflicts due to the prevalence of improvised explosive devices (IEDs). However, the pathobiology of blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) and its effects on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) – a structure essential for maintaining brain homeostasis – remain poorly understood. This work utilized a helium-driven shock tube...

Blast injuries are divided into four classes, and inhalation a quaternary class of blast injuries. An injury can be critical to the patient due possibility related complications, such as airway obstruction resulting from upper edema pneumonia. Once diagnosed, an should treated with early intubation, aerosol therapy, antibiotics soon possible. We suspect this in circumstances involving fire espe...

Severe combined burn-blast injury is a great challenge to surgical teams due to its high mortality. It also results in unsightly traumatic tattoos. The aims of these case reports were to clarify the clinical characteristic of the dynamite explosion burn-blast facial injuries and discuss appropriate management of these patients. We report two patients suffering from facial burn-blast injury foll...

Mild traumatic brain injury, or concussion, is associated with a range of neural changes including altered white matter structure. There is emerging evidence that blast exposure-one of the most pervasive causes of casualties in the recent overseas conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan-is accompanied by a range of neurobiological events that may result in pathological changes to brain structure and ...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is deemed the "signature injury" of recent military conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq, largely because of increased blast exposure. Injuries to the brain can often be misdiagnosed, leading to further complications in the future. Therefore, the use of protein biomarkers for the screening and diagnosis of TBI is urgently needed. In the present study, we have investiga...

Over the past several years, we have noticed an increase in the number of blast injury studies published in peer-reviewed biomedical journals that have utilized improperly conceived experiments. Data from these studies will lead to false conclusions and more confusion than advancement in the understanding of blast injury, particularly blast neurotrauma. Computational methods to properly charact...

Blast induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) has been a prevalent in recent conflicts. Post-mortem studies have shown damage the tissue close to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) bTBI cases compared non-blast TBI cases. CSF cavitation is potential mechanism for this brain/CSF interface injury. In study, our aim was explore possibility and of blast cavitation. We first developed one-dimensional simplifie...

Recent military conflicts have provided evidence of a new mode of lower extremity injury as a result of under-vehicle blasts. Extreme vehicle design elements have decreased the frequency of hull breech into the occupant compartment, yet catastrophic injuries to the lower extremities continue to occur. Previous studies of shock wave-induced injuries, such as blast lung, have highlighted acoustic...

The blast wave that is generated from the detonation of an anti-personnel mine can induce significant accelerative loading to the head of a deminer, when the wave collides with the victim. The injury potential posed by the resulting head acceleration in the context of demining, has not been previously studied. Instrumented anthropomorphic surrogates were used to evaluate the protective capabili...