Purpose: Since explosive blasts continue to cause casualties in both civil and military environments, there is a need for an understanding of the mechanisms of blast trauma at the human organ level, plus a more detailed predictive methodology. The primary goal of this research was to develop a finite element model capable of predicting primary blast injury to the lung so as to assist in the d...

purpose: since explosive blasts continue to cause casualties in both civil and military environments, there is a need for an understanding of the mechanisms of blast trauma at the human organ level, plus a more detailed predictive methodology. the primary goal of this research was to develop a finite element model capable of predicting primary blast injury to the lung so as to assist in the dev...

objectives this study evaluated the prevalence and characteristics of posttraumatic headaches attributed to mild brain injury in military personnel in isfahan. materials and methods a prospective, observational, descriptive study was conducted with a cohort of military personnel in military training during a 6-month period at the military training center in isfahan, iran. a total of 322 militar...

PURPOSE To evaluate retina and optic nerve damage following experimental blast injury. METHODS Healthy adult mice were exposed to an overpressure blast wave using a custom-built blast chamber. The effects of blast exposure on retina and optic nerve function and structure were evaluated using the pattern electroretinogram (pERG), spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT), and the chro...

HYPOTHESIS Internal jugular vein (IJV) compression before blast injury will lead to reduced risk of traumatic hearing injury following exposure to a blast injury. BACKGROUND IJV compression and its effects on not only intracranial, but also intracochlear pressure may potentiate blast induced hearing injury, therefore, precluding its use as a prophylactic therapy for blast induced traumatic br...

OBJECTIVES Recent military conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan have highlighted the wartime effect of traumatic brain injury (TBI). The reason for the prominence of TBI in these particular conflicts as opposed to others is unclear but may result from the increased survivability of blast due to improvements in body armor. In the military context blunt, ballistic and blast effects may all contribut...

BACKGROUND The widespread use of explosives by modern insurgents and terrorists has increased the potential frequency of blast exposure in soldiers and civilians. This growing threat highlights the importance of understanding and evaluating blast injury risk and the increase of injury risk from exposure to repeated blast effects. METHODS Data from more than 3,250 large animal experiments were...

Blast-induced traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. How the primary blast wave affects the brain is not well understood. In particular, it is unclear whether blast injures the brain through mechanisms similar to those found in non-blast closed impact injuries (nbTBI). The β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide associated with th...

Extremity injury is a significant burden to those injured in explosive incidents and local ischaemia can result in poor functionality in salvaged limbs. This study examined whether blast injury to a limb resulted in a change in endothelial phenotype leading to changes to the surrounding tissue.The hind limbs of terminally anaesthetized rabbits were subjected to one of four blast exposures (high...