In the California Current ecosystem, global climate change is predicted to trigger large-scale changes in ocean chemistry within this century. Ocean acidification-which occurs when increased levels of atmospheric CO2 dissolve into the ocean-is one of the biggest potential threats to marine life. In a coastal upwelling system, we compared the effects of chronic exposure to low pH (elevated pCO2)...

Bathochordaeus mcnutti sp. nov. is described from the mesopelagic northeast Pacific Ocean (Monterey Bay, California, USA). Larvaceans in the genus Bathochordaeus are large, often abundant zooplankters found throughout much of the world ocean, but until recently it was unclear whether more than a single species of Bathochordaeus existed. Using remotely operated vehicles, we have made hundreds of...

The Southern Ocean Research Partnership (SORP) has developed an Antarctic Blue Whale Project which includes research to derive a mark-recapture abundance estimate for Antarctic blue whales. Tracking blue whales through passive acoustic monitoring has been identified as a potential means for increasing encounter rates, and thus facilitating abundance estimates through photo-identification and bi...

Vertical migration behavior is found in many harmful algal blooms; however, the corresponding impact on ocean optical properties has not been quantified. A near-monospecific population of the dinoflagellate Karenia brevis was encountered off the west coast of Florida. The community was tracked for 24 hours by following a Lagrangian drifter deployed at the beginning of the experiment. A suite of...

Hydrological optics has a rich history, play­ ing a significant role in physical, chemical, and biological oceanography. The success over the last 30 years has provided oceanog­ raphers with a non-invasive means to study regional and global scale physical, chemical, and biological processes (Figure 1). The abil­ ity to map the color of the world’s oceans has been used to estimate global ocean p...

Strategic management is defined as a set of management decisions and actions that determine a company's long-term performance and lead and control the organization so that it can quickly respond to some internal and external environmental changes. Obviously, the agricultural sector and natural resources are one of the most significant economic sectors of the country because of their vital role ...

Providing fault tolerance in high-end petascale systems, consisting of millions of hardware components and complex software stacks, is becoming an increasingly challenging task. Checkpointing continues to be the most prevalent technique for providing fault tolerance in such high-end systems. Considerable research has focussed on optimizing checkpointing; however, in practice, checkpointing stil...

A three dimensional ocean circulation model (Princeton Ocean Model) is utilised to study the thermohaline variability of the eastern Arabian Sea associated with changes in the three input bathymetry data sets, viz. ETOPO5 (E5), Modified ETOPO5 (ME5) and ME5 further modified based on actual fine resolution data collected using Multibeam echo-sounder (MEN5). The temperature and salinity measureme...

Wind, wave and current interactions control the boundary fluxes, momentum and energy exchange between the atmosphere and the ocean, and within the water column. The wind wave effect on surface stress is investigated using a three-dimensional time-dependant ocean circulation model. The POM (Princeton Ocean Model) based model is implemented with realistic coastlines in South China Sea and emphasi...

Human activities have put the ocean under unprecedented pressure. Still, levels of public understanding about remain low. Ocean literacy is a global movement that aims to improve and provide an incentive for positive change in people’s behavior. To date, there no validated scale targeted adults measure includes measuring knowledge ocean, as well surveying their attitudes willingness act. The Bl...