The lateral transpsoas approach to access the vertebrae obviates the need for an approach surgeon and minimizes muscular disruption, thus allowing for quicker recovery. Several reports on the lateral transpsoas procedure have described few complications. However, the development of an unsightly and painful abdominal flank bulge is a largely under-recognized and very rare complication of the lat...

We describe a case of fulminant community acquired bacteremic K. pneumoniae pneumonia in non alcoholic (Ͻ20 gr/day) patient. A previously healthy 36-year-old man presented with fever (39 C), malaise, dyspnea and a nonproductive cough. On physical examination, he had tachycardia (120/min), tachypnea (31/min) and hypotension (85/67 mm Hg). A chest radiograph displayed symmetric bilateral and volu...

exposure to cold and wet. Present state, i.e., condition on admission: The patient was brought in a doolee, aud I happened to be in the hospital at the time. He was in a moribund condition, with difficulty of breathing and inability to stand erect, on account of pain and extreme weakness. On examination, the right side of the chest was found bulging out at two points, one corresponding to the 8...

Although genetic control of morphogenesis is well established, elaboration of complex shapes requires changes in the mechanical properties of cells. In plants, the first visible sign of leaf formation is a bulge on the flank of the shoot apical meristem. Bulging results from local relaxation of cell walls, which causes them to yield to internal hydrostatic pressure. By manipulation of tissue te...

Posterior fixation of intervertebral discs is used to treat, and occasionally diagnose, discogenic pain since it is thought that it will reduce the internal loading of the discs in vitro. We measured the internal loading of ten intervertebral discs using stress profilometry under simulated physiological loads and then after posterior fixation. Partial discectomies were performed to simulate adv...