Predictions of surface water exposure to "down-the-drain" chemicals are presented which employ grid-based spatially-referenced data on average monthly runoff, population density, country-specific per capita domestic water and substance use rates and sewage treatment provision. Water and chemical load are routed through the landscape using flow directions derived from digital elevation data, acc...

Removal of cells may decrease the antigenicity and risk of disease transmission associated with tendon allografts and xenografts. An ideal cell removal method would not compromise graft structure and mechanical properties. This study compared the effects of three extraction chemicals [t-octyl-phenoxypolyethoxyethanol (Triton X-100), tri(n-butyl)phosphate (TnBP), and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)...

Conventional onsite wastewater treatment system design relies on a septic tank and soil treatment unit (STU) for treatment of wastewater and integration of the final effluent into the environment. Organic water contaminants (OWCs), chemicals found in pharmaceutical drugs, detergents, surfactants, and other personal care and cleaning products, have been observed in septic tank effluent and the e...

Abstract Background The number of chemical parameters included in monitoring programs water utilities increased the last decade. In accordance with European Drinking Water Directive, aim at a tailored risk-based (RBM) program. Here, such RBM program was developed for largest Dutch utility, mostly using groundwater as source. Data from target analyses and high-resolution mass spectrometry-based ...

Low-pressure membranes (including microfiltration and ultrafiltration) for natural organic matter removal in drinking water treatment have gained increasing interest the Nordic countries. Microfiltration can produce stable quality requires less space than conventional treatment. Hollow fibre coupled with chemical coagulation was tested at a Finnish surface plant to study its feasibility environ...

There is no access to basic sanitation for half the world's population, leading Socioeconomic issues, such as scarcity of drinking water and spread diseases. In this way, it vital importance develop management technologies relevant target population. addition, in separation form treatment, compound often used a coagulant treatment aluminum sulfate, which provides good results raw turbidity colo...

background: a laboratory study was conducted to investigate the ability of a special type of strongly basic resin mp500ws for the removal of nitrate from different waters. methods: two different types of point-of-use (pou) devices containing an identical resin were used. mp500ws known as macro porous was used in pou devices for removal of high concentrations of nitrate and sulfate ions from wat...

A previously described porous organic polymer (NU-POP-1) was evaluated against four representative chemical threats: ammonia, cyanogen chloride, sulfur dioxide, and octane. Ammonia, cyanogen chloride, and sulfur dioxide are examples of toxic industrial chemicals (TICs) spanning the range from highly basic to strong-acid forming substances, while octane is used to assess physical adsorption capa...

Abstract—A number of toxic chlorophenolic compounds are formed during pulp bleaching. The nature and concentration of these chlorophenolic compounds largely depends upon the amount and nature of bleaching chemicals used. These compounds are highly recalcitrant and difficult to remove but are partially removed by the biochemical treatment processes adopted by the paper industry. Identification a...