نتایج جستجو برای: cost estimating
تعداد نتایج: 479411 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Nonlinear Time History (NTH) analysis is currently the most reliable method for estimating structural behavior. Considerable computational demand and complexity of this method may cause difficulty for its routine practical application. Based on the Methodology of Endurance Time (ET) method, it can estimate the nonlinear response of structures with a much lower computational cost. In this resear...
The performance of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems is adversely affected by the variations in speakers, audio channels and environmental conditions. Making these systems robust to these variations is still a big challenge. One of the main sources of variations in the speakers is the differences between their Vocal Tract Length (VTL). Vocal Tract Length Normalization (VTLN) is an effe...
Until now single values of IRR are traditionally used to estimate the time value of cash flows. Since uncertainty exists in estimating cost data, the resulting decision may not be reliable. The most commonly cited drawbacks to using the internal rate of return in evaluatton of deterministic cash flow streams is the possibility of multiple conflicting internal rates of return. In this paper we p...
OBJECTIVES Public programs finance a large share of the US pharmaceutical expenditures. To date, there are not guidelines for estimating the cost of drugs financed by US public programs. The objective of this study was to provide standards for estimating the cost of drugs financed by US public programs for utilization in pharmacoeconomic evaluations. METHODS This report was prepared by the IS...
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