Th is paper analyses the nature and causes of the patterns of inequality and poverty in India. Since the economic liberalization in the early 1990s, the evidence suggests increasing inequality (in both spatial and vertical terms) as well as persistent poverty. Th e macroeconomic policies possibly responsible for these trends include—fi scal tightening, regressive tax policies and expenditure cu...

Traditionally, the literature on financial intermediation and credit channels, especially credit crunches, emphasized the relation between banks and entrepreneurs requiring credit, neglecting the funding of banks. With this paper, we want to be much more precise in this respect and study the impact of funding on credit. Indeed, regulation that has become world wide with the Basle Accord puts li...

The primary concern of the rating policies for a banking industry is to develop a more objective, accurate and competitive scoring model to avoid losses from potential bad debt. This study proposes an artificial immune classifier based on the artificial immune network (named AINE-based classifier) to evaluate the applicants’ credit scores. Two experimental credit datasets are used to show the a...

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the optimal retailer’s replenishment decisions under two levels of trade credit policy within the economic production quantity (EPQ) framework. We assume that the supplier would offer the retailer a delay period and the retailer also adopts the trade credit policy to stimulate his/her customer demand to develop the retailer’s replenishment model ...

Most estimates of the consequences of alternative health insurance proposals focus on national impact, but the extent of cross-state diversity in uninsurance rates, economic and labor-market characteristics, and health care markets suggests that the impact of strategies will also vary. We illustrate this variation by comparing the effects of standard tax credit and Medicaid expansion proposals ...

Recent fiscal policies, including the 2008 stimulus payments and the 2009 Making Work Pay Tax Credit, aimed to increase household spending. This paper quantifies the spending response to these policies and examines differences in spending by whether the stimulus was delivered as a one-time payment or as a flow of payments from reduced withholding. Based on responses from a representative sample...

This paper shows evidence (SMEs) can maintain higher firm value by innovation activities such as R&D expenditure, asset counted R&D expenditure, and cost asset-counted R&D expenditure has higher effect on the firm value than cost expenditure. Moreover, the additional result shows that business, innobiz firms, and management innovati Medium Business Administration (SMBA) for policy purpose maint...

The global credit crisis of 2008 provides a unique opportunity to study the e¤ects of …nancing constraints on corporate behavior. Based on standard economic priors, we investigate whether this credit supply shock has a di¤erential impact on the real and …nancial policies of credit constrained …rms. In contrast to previous research, which has used proxies such as …rm size and credit ratings to m...

Following the deregulation policies implemented by the Chinese government in 2001, foreign banks were allowed to enter the Chinese banking market gradually, in different years in different cities. As a result, from 2001 to 2006 firms in different cities had differential access to foreign bank credit. Using an extensive firm-level dataset from the manufacturing census in China, this paper studie...

In a recent editorial in Biostatistics, Peng (2009) introduced a system for making data and computer code from papers in the journal publicly available so that other researchers can reproduce the statistical analyses in the paper. The editors explain in a short accompanying note (Diggle and Zeger, 2009) that ‘we wish to encourage the practice of making research published in the journal reproduc...