security as a basic need for the members of society is in mutual relation to economic, social and cultural factors. today, this is of such importance in the progress of every society that it is considered as the prerequisite to any kind of development. social security has been defined as a complex – emotional – concept which is essential for protecting social groups and giving them the opportun...

in this paper, rstly, it is proved that, for a fuzzy vector space, the set of its fuzzy bases de ned by shi and huang, is equivalent to the family of its bases de ned by p. lubczonok. secondly, for two fuzzy vector spaces, it is proved that they are isomorphic if and only if they have the same fuzzy dimension, and if their fuzzy dimensions are equal, then their dimensions are the same, however,...

in this work, sio2 –zro2 mixed oxides was prepared by the polymeric sol–gel route. the characterization of pore structure, which determines the permeation process of membrane, is of great importance. so far, most investigations have focused on such pore structure as specific surface area and pore size distribution, but the surface fractal, the important parameter reflecting the roughness of por...

This paper presents a family of multidimensional poverty indices that measure poverty as a function of the extent and the intensity of poverty. I provide a unique axiomatics from which both extent and intensity of poverty can be derived, as well as the poor be endogenously identified. This axiomatics gives rise to a family of multidimensional indices whose extremal points are the geometric mean...

We consider the credibility, persuasiveness, and informativeness of multidimensional cheap talk by an expert to a decision maker. We find that an expert with state-independent preferences can always make credible comparative statements that trade off the expert’s incentive to exaggerate on each dimension. Such communication benefits the expert – cheap talk is “persuasive” – if her preferences a...

The article contains an overview of the housing situation in Poland three dimensions: availability housing, capacity to buy or rent a dwelling and quality standards context national local policies. It begins with assessment scale dynamics residential investment over last 30 years. In next part, author estimates economic return on investments, stressing that expectations as growth prices are key...