BACKGROUND Accurate comprehension of the normal humeral morphology is crucial for anatomical reconstruction in shoulder arthroplasty. However, traditional morphological measurements for humerus were mainly based on cadaver and radiography. The purpose of this study was to provide a series of precise and repeatable parameters of the normal proximal humerus for arthroplasty, based on the three-di...

The expression of components present in the cartilaginous extracellular matrix is related to development, gender, and genotype, as well as to the biomechanical properties of each type of cartilage. In the present study, we analyzed small proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans present in different cartilages of the chicken wing after extraction with guanidine hydrochloride or papain. Quantitative ...

The patient was an 18-year-old high school baseball pitcher with a chief complaint of right (dominant) arm pain in the region of his right distal humerus that began 8 weeks earlier. Conventional radiographs were obtained, which were interpreted as normal. As a result, magnetic resonance imaging was obtained, which showed a hyperintense bone marrow signal in the distal humerus on fluid-sensitive...

BACKGROUND Many prior studies have evaluated shoulder motion, yet no three-dimensional analysis comparing the combined clavicular, scapular, and humeral motion during arm elevation has been done. We aimed to describe and compare dynamic three-dimensional motion of the shoulder complex during raising and lowering the arm across three distinct elevation planes (flexion, scapular plane abduction, ...

Introduction: Intramedullary nailing is a good indication for stabilizing displaced fractures of the proximal end and shaft humerus in adults. Methods: This was prospective series 24 patient, over period 9 months. The aim this study to report epidemiological clinical aspects patients treated with locked humeral nail show medium-term interest, therapeutic method, thus discussing complications. R...

purpose : to determine the association between retinal vascular diameter and its branching angles with diabetic retinopathy (dr) stages in diabetic patients methods : a descriptive analytic cross-sectional study was conducted in 62 diabetic patients (120 eyes) referred to farabi eye hospital between june 2008 and december 2009. digital fundus photography pictures were imported into photoshop so...

Objectives Contrary to earlier hypotheses, a previous biomechanical analysis indicated that long-documented morphological differences between the shoulders of humans and apes do not enhance arm-raising mechanism. Here, we investigate different interpretation: oblique shoulder morphology is shared by all hominoids but enhances arm-lowering Materials methods Musculoskeletal models allow us predic...

Race categorization of faces is a fast and automatic process and is known to affect further face processing profoundly and at earliest stages. Whether processing of own- and other-race faces might rely on different facial cues, as indicated by diverging viewing behavior, is much under debate. We therefore aimed to investigate two open questions in our study: (1) Do observers consider informatio...

Distal humerus fractures may range from a simple extra-articular fracture pattern to a complex pattern, involving extensive destruction of the articular surface with comminution and bone loss in the metaphysealdiaphyseal junction of the bone. The management decision in the younger patient requires complete anatomical reconstruction and early active range of motion. Different approaches to the d...