The operation of a microgrid (MG) is easily affected by the environment, which leads to change communication topology among distributed generations (DGs). Most existing results on secondary control MG consider that connection fixed, or just simply switched arbitrary form. In this article, more general semi-Markov process introduced describe such switching, i.e., switching regarded as random sys...

An islanded microgrid (MG) including low-inertia converter-based distributed generations (DGs) is subjected to instability. The virtual inertia concept was proposed alleviate the stability issues by imitating synchronous generators behavior. This paper spotlights on optimization of generator (VSG) parameters and impedances (VI) in MGs using particle swarm (PSO). A small-signal model for MG deve...

This paper proposes a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) based technique for the optimal allocation of Distributed Generation (DG) units in the power systems. In this paper our aim is to decide optimal number, type, size and location of DG units for voltage profile improvement and power loss reduction in distribution network. Two types of DGs are considered and the distribution load flow is used...

This paper proposes a novel distributed event-triggered secondary control method to overcome the drawbacks of primary for direct current (DC) microgrids. With communication, proposed can achieve system-wide parallel distrubted generators (DGs) with two main objectives: ① estimate average bus voltage and regulate it at nominal value; ② accurate sharing among DGs in proportion their power output ...

This is a project report from the Power Systems Engineering Research Center (PSERC). PSERC is a multi-university Center conducting research on challenges facing a restructuring electric power industry and educating the next generation of power engineers. Notice Concerning Copyright Material PSERC members are given permission to copy without fee all or part of this publication for internal use i...

Rising renewable penetration has accelerated the volatility and instability of power grid. A small-scale grid is especially vulnerable. Therefore, flexibility stability enhancement are required for grids. The interconnection with large-scale through voltage sourced converter-high direct current (VSC-HVDC) can be a solution to aforementioned problems. VSC-HVDC deliver bidirectionally change dire...

Due to the difference in types of loads between regions and increasing integration random elements such as electric vehicles (EVs) distributed generations (DGs), distribution station areas (DSAs) are facing challenges unbalanced load rates voltage violations. An AC–DC hybrid network formed by interconnecting AC-DSAs using flexible DC technology can not only address these issues, but also offer ...

Utilizing distributed generations (DGs) near load points has introduced the concept of microgrid. However, stochastic nature of wind and solar power generation as well as electricity load makes it necessary to utilize an energy management system (EMS) to manage hourly power of microgrid and optimally supply the demand. As a result, this paper utilizes demand response program (DRP) and battery t...