Generally, international flows of capital and foreign direct investment attraction are challengeable issues in the literature of economic growth and development in emerging market countries. However, the fluctuations in foreign direct investment, including sudden flood and stop, will affect emerging markets' output and macroeconomic variables. Using an econometric model with unbalanced panel da...

As regards decreasing cotton cultivation in Iran during these years, the degree of risk taken by a cotton cultivator in the agricultural part is important. The studies showed that the cotton crop yield during the past years did not have enough growth and the cotton cost product in the period of study cotton production costs, has increased. In this paper, the risk orientation of cotton cultivato...

In cross-national data on individual and country-level characteristics, the variance of log annual income is shown to correlate positively with indicators of redistribution. The database comes from the Panel Comparability (PACO) project, affiliated with the Luxembourg Income Study (LIS), a first effort to provide comparable panel data across a broad range of countries. Countries in the sample i...

Banks play an important role in the Iranian economy which has a bank-based financial system. We examined the impact of exchange rate volatility as a determinant of banks' performance. In recent years, the exchange rate has been volatile in the Iranian economy and have an adverse effect on banks' performance. This study, investigate the issue for the period 2007-2017 for 14 Iranian banks. Exchan...