The recent drought in the Horn of Africa has again generated widespread pessimism about the future of pastoralism in the region. In this paper we argue that a much more balanced development strategy needs to be adopted in pastoralist areas. First, livelihood diversification must become a positive process, through education, infrastructure, and policies facilitating migration and nonfarm investm...

Introduction Policy makers and extension planners often assume smallholder mixed farming systems are incapable of evolving fast enough to meet growing food demands and that livestock are relatively unimportant to household food production or welfare (FDRE, 1994), except for intensive units. The resulting policy promotes substitution of either intensive cropping or livestock production in place ...

Multipurpose mosaic (“ecoagriculture”) landscapes can serve the purpose of land sharing to combine objectives of agricultural production and biodiversity conservation. Rewarding the people who shape and maintain those landscapes could act as a mechanism to generate added-value representing an indirect payment for ecosystem services. We investigated the feasibility of such an approach in two are...

In this paper, we explore the resilience and vulnerability of livelihoods within two different socio-ecological dryland contexts of Botswana over the last 30 years. We draw on primary field data sources, including oral histories, livelihood surveys, ecological surveys, as well as documented evidence of environmental, socioeconomic and institutional dynamics, to identify a broad range of activit...

While much attention has focused on the climate change mitigation potential of biofuels, research from the social sciences increasingly highlights the social and livelihood impacts of their expanded production. Policy and governance measures aimed at improving the social effects of biofuels have proliferated but questions remain about their effectiveness across the value chain. This paper perfo...

Background: Economic pressures are important factors contributing to accidents. Despite the importance of economic factors in the safety of taxi drivers, a few literatures have referred to these factor. Methods: This research was a phenomenology study. The purposive sampling was used, so, 18 taxi drivers with the average 43.05 ± 10.22 years old participated in the study of whom, 12 took...

The objective of the research paper is to analyse impact tribal sub-plan on socio-economic condition respondents and examine sustainable livelihood, education, economic security tribals in Gajapati district, Odisha, India. study based primary secondary data. Primary data was collected from 02 blocks, viz., Mohana, R. Udayagiri block under district 2021. analysis demographic variables, income, o...

Climate variability has been evident on the Mongolian plateau in recent decades. Livelihood adaptation to climate variability is important for local sustainable development. This paper applies an analytical framework focused on adaptation, institutions, and livelihoods to study climate adaptation in the Mongolian grasslands. A household survey was designed and implemented in each of three broad...