this paper surveys the persian monetary crises due to economic sanctions and speculative attacks that leads to high inflation. economic sanctions are associated with various forms of trade barriers and restriction on financial transactions. among the most influential sanctions on iran's oil export and central bank sanctions are noted that their aims to reduce iran's oil revenues and devaluation...

soil is known as the base material for many structure, on the other hand, some soils cause problems for some structures such as roads. some types of soils absorb moisture and swell then they may shrink when losing water. the changes of moisture in these soil samples cause changes their volume and pressure to layers of the pavement and eventually leads to destruction of roads. therefore, it is n...

This research is part of umbrella study entitled “The Impact the 2018 Sunda Strait Tsunami on Family Socio-Economic Vulnerability and Achievement SDGs Welfare”. aims to analyze family characteristics, objective economic pressures, livelihood strategies, subjective-economic welfare for survivors disaster in Banten. The method used a cross-sectional involving 60 samples selected by simple random ...

background: lipid peroxidation is a free radical-generating process which occurs on every membranous structure of the cell. free radicals are known to be involved in a number of human pathologies including atherosclerosis. the purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine the association between pre-hypertension status and oxidative stress markers [total antioxidant capacity (tac) and ma...

The industrialization of agriculture not only alters the ways in which agricultural production occurs, but also impacts the decisions farmers make in important ways. First, constraints created by the economic environment of farming limit what options a farmer has available to him. Second, because of the industrialization of agriculture and the resulting economic pressures it creates for farmers...