A promising technique used in some planning systems to improve their performance is the use of domain dependent search control knowledge. We present a procedure for compiling search control knowledge, expressed declaratively in a logic, into the preconditions of the plan actions (operators). We do this within the framework of the situation calculus by introducing a transformation of nonMarkovia...

Reasoning about perception of depth and about spatial relations between moving physical objects is a challenging problem. We investigate the representation of depth and motion by means of depth profiles whereby each object in the world is represented as a single peak. We propose a logical theory, formulated in the situation calculus (SC), that is used for reasoning about object motion (includin...

By using an example from a robot navigating domain, we argue that to specify declaratively the behavior of an agent, we need to have a formal and explicit notion of \quality plans." To that end, we propose the following three domain independent measures of plan quality: a plan is said to be A-minimalif none of the actions in it can be deleted and have it continue to be a plan; it is said to be ...

We present a declarative formalization of STRIPS [1] as a reasoning strategy in the situation calculus [10]. The idea is to use logic not only to represent planning problems, but also to describe the mental situations, mental actions and reasoning strategy STRIPS uses to solve those problems.

In this paper we study the diierences between two logic theories for temporal reasoning, the Situation Calculus and the Event Calculus, and the implications of these diierences. We construct a new formalism that combines the advantages of both Situation and Event Calculus and avoids the problems of either. The new formalism is useful for general temporal reasoning in worlds with discrete and co...

Most of the poor people in developing countries live in rural areas. Experience shows that in manycountries animal husbandry development and increasing investment specially is a way to challengethe poverty in rural areas. This is obvious that, small producers have key role in dairy markets anddairy development but they have no power to bargain and negotiate for higher prices, access to themarke...

The paper enquires into the relationship between economic inequality and economic growth, but different from others, it also studies the relationship between inequality and economic growth in the situation where consideration of effect of factor movement is included. The paper tends to answer the questions such as whether inequality should be eradicated completely. Panel data models are used fo...

Convertibility is an important factor in international trade where instruments valued in different currencies will be exchanged. Convertibility can be either total manner or a partial manner. However, whatever the type of convertibility, there will be advantages and disadvantages to  the economy of a country of which has  made a convertibility of its national currency. Convertibility was studie...