This paper presents eco-friendly unburnt bricks made up of fly ash, waste plastic powder, glass lime, gypsum and crusher sand as alternatives to conventional burnt clay for sustainable development. The research focuses on the maximum utilization industrial in brick production. Materials are characterized according their chemical geotechnical properties. In this research, we use a milled powder ...

Crack detection is essential for observing structural health and guaranteeing safety. The manual crack other damage process time-consuming subject to surveyors’ biased judgments. proposed Conv2D ResNet Exponential model wall quality was trained with 5000 images, including various imperfections such as cracks, holes, efflorescence, damp patches, spalls. initial weights form the layers of base in...

The construction and demolition waste generation is increasingly evolving with the rapid urbanization, more than a quarter of produced being landfilled without further treatment or recycling strategy. Hence, sustainable management valorization methods such as in materials becoming essential to tackle economic environmental burdens landfilling waste. Construction has been intensively studied. Ho...

The application of non-contact diagnostic methodologies is the current challenge in frame cultural heritage, referred to as preservation, monitoring and restoration. Inspired by potential shown infrared thermography rock mechanics’ non-destructive applications, this paper presents results achieved its use for quick survey different weathering types affecting natural stones at historical buildin...

The adverse effects of hostile marine environment on concrete structure have inevitably resulted in huge economic loss and may contribute to catastrophic failure. Concrete is susceptible weathering, particularly under wetting-drying action (WDA), although its current state the art well established. diverse characteristics WDA at different site locations compromised reliability laboratory works....

This study was dedicated to evaluating the durability of carbonatic stones Crac des Chevaliers castle against salt crystallization. is a UNESCO world heritage site located in Syria and considered one most important crusader castles built 12th century. Salt efflorescence common decay type detected on stone blocks this building, so six dolomite lithotypes with various structures tested under agin...