In recent years, induced abortion has grown significantly in importance as a factor in regulating and influencing fertility despite the availability of a wide range of contraceptive methods. Two decades ago, in New Zealand, one in 10 known pregnancies were terminated by an abortion. By the turn of the millennium, the figure had doubled to one in five. Demographic literature suggests that the pr...

A placebo controlled study was undertaken to evaluate the role of antimicrobials as a single 24 hours cover peri-operatively. Patients matching in proposed surgery, age, sex, diagnosis and built were divided into three groups. Group ‘A’ was on placebo, group ‘B’ received full dose of antibiotics by conventional method and group ‘C’ received antibiotics as a single 24 hour cover pèrioperatively....

In this paper, a multi-period and multi-resource operating room (OR) scheduling and rescheduling problem with elective and semi-elective (semi-urgent) patients is addressed. A scheduling-rescheduling framework based on the so-called rolling horizon approach is proposed to solve the problem. The core of the proposed framework is a novel proposed mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model with...

OBJECTIVES To determine the net health consequences, costs, and cost-effectiveness of alternative delivery strategies for HIV-infected pregnant women with detectable HIV RNA in the USA. DESIGN Cost-effectiveness analysis using a probabilistic decision model. METHODS The model compared two strategies: elective Cesarean section and vaginal delivery. Data for HIV transmission rate, maternal de...

INTRODUCTION International guidelines suggest that non-urgent planned deliveries be scheduled at or after 39 weeks. Despite this recommendation elective cesarean often occurs before 39 weeks. Some research has demonstrated that elective cesarean before 39 weeks poses a greater risk to the infants than at or after 39 weeks. OBJECTIVE To evaluate neonatal morbidity in term newborns born by elec...

A review of 251 cervical cerclage procedures in 205 women over a 7.5-year period was conducted to compare the success rate and morbidity of the Shirodkar and McDonald techniques. Fetal survival rate was 19% before 139 elective McDonald operations and 20% before 63 elective Shirodkar procedures. Fetal survival was 78% after elective McDonald operations and 87% after elective Shirodkar procedures...

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the treatment outcomes of partial glossectomy with or without elective neck dissection in patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCCa). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 98 patients who were diagnosed with tongue SCCa and underwent partial glossectomy between 2005 and 2014 were evaluated. Only 14 patients received elective...

OBJECTIVE To identify intensive care patients dying within 2 years of discharge from hospital and assess whether the cause of death was related to the diagnosis at hospital discharge. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A retrospective cohort study of all patients admitted to the intensive care unit at Wellington Hospital, New Zealand, between 1 July 2001 and 30 June 2003, using data from the IC...

PURPOSE To determine whether a change in prophylactic antibiotic protocol for orthopaedic surgeries may reduce the frequency of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoeal infections. METHODS Records of 1331 patients who underwent trauma or elective surgeries involving implantation of metalwork were reviewed. 231 trauma and 394 elective patients who received intravenous cefuroxime-based antib...