The emergence of deforming regimes is related to the proliferation of nonlinear electrical receivers. The higher harmonics of drawn currents from power systems can be evaluated using Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). Unlike Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), which provides only amplitude-frequency information but looses time information, DWT analyses the signal in a time-frequency domain using windo...

A versatile precision rectifier based on a current conveyor and current mirrors is presented. The proposed circuit performs positive half-wave, negative half-wave, positive full-wave, and negative full-wave rectification into a single circuit. The current-mode technique has been employed to provide the high-precision capability of the circuit. The circuit configuration is very suitable for inte...

Low current x-ray tubes operating at 25–40 kV have been developed using monolithic carbon nanotube CNT cold cathodes as electron sources. The authors have tested CNT cathodes from various sources. They were systematically evaluated and conditioned in a vacuum chamber and then went through high temperature baking and high voltage processing of standard tube production processes. Acceptance crite...

Recently Thienel [Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280 (2000), 140] investigated the Pauli equation for an electron moving in a plane under the influence of a perpendicular magnetic field which is the sum of a uniform field and a singular flux tube. Here we criticise his claim that one cannot properly solve this equation by treating the singular flux tube as the limiting case of a flux tube of finite size. Ty...

The harmonic currents generated by the single-phase rectifier are well known. As the levels of these currents become larger, the use of power conditioners such as shunt active filters to lower the levels is becoming more attractive. In order to analyze the interaction between the condition, ac system, and rectifier it is necessary to have an accurate model of the rectifier. This paper describes...

The three-phase rectifier based on traditional PID control algorithm can improve its harmonic effect, and increase its power factor, but it can’t overcome the problems of selection difficulty of the PID parameters and can realize the online self-turning function of the PID parameters. In order to deal with the questions, the three phase rectifier based on neural network PID control algorithm is...

Deep learning is regarded by some as one of the most important technological breakthroughs of this decade. In recent years it has been shown that using rectified neurons, one can match or surpass the performance achieved using hyperbolic tangent or sigmoid neurons, especially in deep networks. With rectified neurons we can readily create sparse representations, which seems especially suitable f...

We have developed a simple protocol for inducing the myocardial differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. Human iPS cell-derived embryonic bodies (EBs) were treated with a combination of activin-A, bone morphogenetic protein-4 and wnt-3a for one day in serum-free suspension culture, and were subsequently treated with noggin for three days. Thereafter, the EBs were subjected...

The present review summarizes a series of the most important historical contributions of German scientific researchers and industrial companies in Germany to the physics and applications of electromagnetic oscillations and waves during the past 140 years and intends to point out some relations to Russian scientists. The chronology highlights the following scientists: Philipp Reis (*1834-†1874):...