Individual airway management is mandatory in patients with large goiters undergoing thyroid surgery. Preoperative endoscopic airway evaluation and imaging studies can support clinical decision making. Awake tracheotomy can be an effective and reasonable airway management strategy in such patients.

can also be performed without the use of general anesthesia in many instances. A transoral flexible endoscopic approach successfully reduces cricopharyngeal sphincter pressure [6] . The septum can be divided with a variety of cutting instruments and accessories. It is unknown whether a transoral flexible endoscopic approach will show longterm results compared to rigid surgical therapy for long-...

can also be performed without the use of general anesthesia in many instances. A transoral flexible endoscopic approach successfully reduces cricopharyngeal sphincter pressure [6] . The septum can be divided with a variety of cutting instruments and accessories. It is unknown whether a transoral flexible endoscopic approach will show longterm results compared to rigid surgical therapy for long-...

introduction: to reduce incidence of residual cholesteatoma following ear surgery; and to reduce the need for second look “open” mastoidectomy using endoscopic mastoidotomy. ten-year retrospective chart review of 249 primary cholesteatoma cases (1994-2004) with a minimum follow-up of two years.  the first objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of otoendoscopy in reducing the incidence of “...

Dysphagia is a frequent finding in neurological patients and is a symptom related to the severity of the clinical picture. The swallowing impairments, in these patients, increase the risk of aspiration pneumonia, that leads to death, in at least 6% of patients, within the first year. Therefore, evaluation of the swallowing status is essential in patients with dysphagia and videofluoroscopic stu...

Submucosal tumors (SMTs) are those that originate from cells constituting the submucosal layer and the muscularis propria and are covered by normal mucosa. Esophageal SMT is a rare disease accounting for less than 1% of overall esophageal tumors, but recent wide use of endoscopy has led to a rapid increase in incident cases of such tumors. Esophageal SMTs are positive in 90% or more of the case...

BACKGROUND Advanced flexible endoscopes and instruments with multiple degrees of freedom enable physicians to perform challenging procedures such as the removal of large sections of mucosal tissue. However, these advanced endoscopes are difficult to control and require several physicians to cooperate. METHODS In this article, we present a robotic system that allows the physician to control an...

OBJECTIVES This study aims to identify the contribution of the cephalometric investigation in the soft tissue evaluation in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). PATIENTS AND METHODS The clininical data of 300 patients (191 males, 109 females; mean age 48.3±9.9 years; range 24 to 76 years) diagnosed with OSAS in our clinic between January 2009 and May 2010 were retrospectivel...

Endoscopy is, currently, the initial investigation of choice for the investigation of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in clinical practice and clinical research. Erosion severity is predictive of a patient's response to therapy and of the likelihood of relapse after therapy. It is, therefore, important to grade the severity of erosive reflux esophagitis, particularly in the context of cl...