Driver distraction is a relevant driving safety issue and an ongoing field of research. A particular distraction is cognitive distraction, which refers to when the driver is mentally engaged in a task unrelated to driving, e.g. talking to a passenger. Eye movements can be analyzed to study effects of cognitive distraction during driving, and are typically recorded using video-based eye tracker ...

Investigations of the neuro-physiological correlates of mental loads, or states, have attracted significant attention recently, as it is particularly important to evaluate mental fatigue in drivers operating a motor vehicle. In this research, we collected multimodal EEG/ECG/EOG and fNIRS data simultaneously to develop algorithms to explore neuro-physiological correlates of drivers' mental state...

The mammalian main olfactory epithelium (MOE) modifies its activities in response to changes in the chemical environment. This process is essential for maintaining the functions of the olfactory system and the upper airway. However, mechanisms involved in this functional maintenance, especially those occurring via paracrine regulatory pathways within the multicellular MOE, are poorly understood...

Human-computer interface systems whose input is based on eye movements can serve as a means of communication for patients with locked-in syndrome. Eye-writing is one such system; users can input characters by moving their eyes to follow the lines of the strokes corresponding to characters. Although this input method makes it easy for patients to get started because of their familiarity with han...

Neural correlates of eye blink in healthy human subjects can be investigated using functional magnetic resonance imaging. However, the focus of most previous studies has been on intentional eye blinking. The goal of the present study was to examine the neural correlates of spontaneous eye blinking with the help of EOG measurements during data acquisition of fMRI. After the removal of the pulse ...

BACKGROUND The existence of a prenuclear abduction paresis is still debated. METHODS In a retrospective design, we identified 22 patients with isolated unilateral (n = 20) or bilateral (n = 2) abduction paresis and electrophysiologic abnormalities indicating rostral pontine and/or mesencephalic lesions. Another 11 patients had unilateral abduction paresis with additional ocular motor abnormal...

We placed negative electrodes on the body and positive electrodes at the medial and lateral canthi, measured their potentials separately, evaluated their characteristics, and analyzed cross-talk. We recorded EOG in 6 normal subjects and found the following. The potential at the medial was lower than that at the lateral canthus in the bilateral eyes. The polarity of waves at the lateral was reve...