In this paper, I outline an account of the structure perceptual justification that develops Wittgenstein's thought possibility acquiring any degree for our beliefs depends on placing certain propositions outside route empirical inquiry, turning them into “hinges” rational evaluations. The proposal is akin to “moderate” accounts justification; however, it conjoins insight with explanationist and...

This article uses recent work in philosophy of science and social epistemology to argue for a shift analytic religion from knowledge-centric an centered on understanding. Not only can understanding-centered approach open up new avenues the exploration largely neglected aspects religious life, it also shed light how participation might be epistemically valuable ways that knowledge-centered appro...

Knowledge and Information science is rooted in philosophy and its branches are in sociology. This does not impair its interdisciplinary position. In Iran, the name of "LIS" has undergone a little change and called "knowledge & Information Science (KIS)". Through this change, the importance of philosophy in this discipline has reached its highest level. Knowledge science has a great relationship...

Ontology, as is well known, occupies a quite central position in the framework of Ingarden's thought, and there can be few philosophers who have awarded such importance to the discipline. Ingarden's method, in his metaphysics and aesthetics, as also in his general approach to phenomenology, can best be described as one of resolving problems by setting forth the available ontological options and...