This paper develops a model to explain the widely used investment mandates in the institutional asset management industry based on two insights: first, giving a manager more investment flexibility weakens the link between fund performance and his effort in the designated market, and thus increases agency cost. Second, the presence of outside assets with negatively skewed returns can further inc...

For a graph property $$\varPi $$ , Subgraph Complementation to is the problem find whether there subset S of vertices input G such that modifying by complementing subgraph induced results in satisfying . We prove T-free graphs NP-Complete, for T being tree, except 41 trees at most 13 (a if it does not contain any copies T). This result, along with 4 known polynomial-time solvable cases (when pa...

recently, the economic crisis has resulted in instability in stock exchange market and this has caused high volatilities in stock value of exchanged firms. under these conditions, considering uncertainty for a favorite investment is more serious than before. multi-objective portfolio selection (return, liquidity, risk and initial cost of investment objectives) using minmax fuzzy goal programmin...

The purpose of this study was to compare the castability of Co-Cr-Mo-W (Remanium 2000), Ni-Cr (Durabond) and Co-Cr-Mo (Vera PDI) alloys invested with either conventional (phosphate- and silica-based) or mixed investing techniques. A 10 X 10 mm square-shaped nylon net containing 100 open squares served as a template for construction of wax patterns, which were invested with phosphate-based inves...

Although significant private investment is absorbed in different sectors of power systems, transmission sector is still suffering from appropriate private investment. This is because of the pricing policies of transmission services, tariffs, and especially for investment risks. Investment risks are due to the uncertain behaviour of power systems that discourage investors to invest in the transm...

Investments in technology create a large amount of capital investments by major companies. Assessing such investment projects is identified as critical to the efficient assignment of resources. Viewing investment projects as real options, this paper expands a method for assessing technology investment decisions in the linkage existence of uncertainty and competition. It combines the game-theore...