AIMS To determine whether delayed capillary refill time (>3 seconds) is a useful prognostic indicator in Kenyan children admitted to hospital. METHODS A total of 4160 children admitted to Kilifi District Hospital with malaria, malarial anaemia, acute respiratory tract infection (ARI), severe anaemia (haemoglobin <50 g/l), gastroenteritis, malnutrition, meningitis, or septicaemia were studied....

The primary pathophysiological events contributing to fatal malaria are the cerebral syndrome, anemia, and lactic acidosis. The molecular basis of each event has been unclear. In the present study, microarray analysis of murine transcriptional responses during the development of severe disease revealed temporal, organ-specific, and pathway-specific patterns. More than 400 genes in the brain and...

There have been 10 specific "wheel-well" passenger stowaway flights (the wheel-well area was entered just before take-off) documented in the N.Y. Times between 1947-1993. Five stowaways survived flights encompassing altitudes as high as 39,000 feet, with six dying in the process (one flight had two stowaways, one fatal, one surviving). Three Douglas DC-8 and four Boeing 707 aircraft, plus a Car...

This report describes a previously healthy 28 year old patient with a 5 month period of intractable generalised status epilepticus (SE) of unknown aetiology with fatal outcome. Repeated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed no pre-existing abnormality, but did show progressive cortical and hippocampal atrophy and T2 hyperintensity in both hippocampal formations, suggestive of progressive tiss...

Rhabdomyolysis is a rare but potentially fatal complication of status asthmaticus. Since the first case was reported in 1978, only a few dozen cases have been described till date. We performed a literature review with the aim to characterize the pathophysiological basis of the occurrence of rhabdomyolysis in patients with status asthmaticus. Excessive exertion of respiratory muscles, hypoxia an...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential responses of the cardiovascular system and regional blood flow to hypoxic hypoxia (BB) and to carbon monoxide (CO)-induced hypoxia (COH). Ten anesthetized cats were studied under two nonnoxic (control: CONT) and two hypoxic conditions. Four types of radioactive micro spheres were used to measure regional blood flow during CONT an...

It is well known that the metabolic factors play an important role in the regulation of angiogenesis. Increased metabolic activity leads to decreased oxygen levels and causes tissue hypoxia. Hypoxia starts different signals to stimulate angiogenesis and promotes oxygen delivery to tissues. It has been suggested that released adenosine from hypoxic tissues plays a vital role in angiogenesis. ...

We realize that the Mage and Donner's observations do not refer specifically to our work on the alterations of the centers that control hearing in SIDS but rather on “the common belief (not only ours but also of other authors) that SIDS is a developmental defect of neurologic origin”. Basically they with this letter to the Editor highlight that there are two lines of thought about the significa...

Few advances have beenmade in the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme since 2005whenStupp et al1 demonstrated a 2-month improvement in median survival with the addition of temozolomide to standard radiation treatment and established the current standard of care. Glioblastoma remains a nearly always fatal diagnosiswithamediansurvivalof 14 to 16months and progression of disease frequently seen w...