this study was conducted to investigate the effects of applying methods andamount of ammonium polyphosphate (0, 2 and 4 wt%) on fire retardancy andmechanical properties of wood flour/polypropylene composites. the resultsshowed that addition of fire retardant improved the mechanical properties such astensile and flexural strengths and fire retardancy of composites. but by increasingof fire retar...

Fowler, James F.; Sieg, Carolyn Hull. 2004. Postfire mortality of ponderosa pine and Douglas-fir: a review of methods to predict tree death. This review focused on the primary literature that described, modeled, or predicted the probability of postfire mortality in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii). The methods and measurements that were used to predict po...

Land managers need cost-effective methods for mapping and characterizing fire fuels quickly and accurately. The advent of sensors with increased spatial resolution may improve the accuracy and reduce the cost of fuels mapping. The objective of this research is to evaluate the accuracy and utility of imagery from the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) satellit...

Jérémie D. Lebrun, Marine Dufour, Emmanuelle Uher, Juliette Faburé, Raphaël Mons, Rayna Charlatchka, Catherine Gourlay-Francé, Lise C. Fechner and Benoît J.D. Ferrari 1 Irstea, UR HBAN–ARTEMHYS, CS 10030, 92761 Antony Cedex, France 2 Federation of Research FIRE, FR-3020, 75005 Paris, France 3 UMR ECOSYS, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78026 Versailles, France 4 Ifremer, 92138 Iss...

A. A. May, T. Lee, G. R. McMeeking, S. Akagi, A. P. Sullivan, S. Urbanski, R. J. Yokelson, and S. M. Kreidenweis Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA Department of Chemistry, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA Missoula Fire Sciences Laboratory, Rocky Mountain Research Station, US Forest Service, Missoula, MT, USA now at: Department of Civil, ...

Grasslands are threatened globally due to the expansion of woody plants. The few remaining headwater streams within tallgrass prairies are becoming more like typical forested streams due to rapid conversion of riparian zones from grassy to wooded. Forestation can alter stream hydrology and biogeochemistry. We estimated the rate of riparian woody plant expansion within a 30 m buffer zone surroun...

BACKGROUND Survivors of physical and emotional trauma experience enduring occupational, psychological and quality of life impairments. Examining survivors from a large fire provides a unique opportunity to distinguish the impact of physical and emotional trauma on long-term outcomes. The objective is to detail the multi-dimensional long-term effects of a large fire on its survivor population an...

This paper reports on the Response Time Index (RTI) of sprinkler heads. The standard plunge test has been carried out in a hot wind tunnel, which is similar to the one developed at the Fire Research Station, United Kingdom. Some of the modifications have been finished in this wind tunnel for the higher accuracy purpose. About 37 liquid-in glass sprinkler heads are studied including the pendent ...