The open-source toolbox "TopoToolbox" is a suite of functions that use sensor topography to calculate psychologically meaningful measures (similarity, magnitude, and timing) from multisensor event-related EEG and MEG data. Using a GUI and data visualization, TopoToolbox can be used to calculate and test the topographic similarity between different conditions (Tian and Huber, 2008). This topogra...

Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès 1,*, Marcos Hervás 1, Ferran Orga 1, Joan Lluís Pijoan 2, David Badia 2 and David Altadill 3 1 GTM—Grup de Recerca en Tecnologies Mèdia, La Salle—Universitat Ramon Llull, C/Quatre Camins, 30, 08022 Barcelona, Spain; [email protected] (M.H.); [email protected] (F.O.) 2 GR-SETAD, La Salle—Universitat Ramon Llull, C/Quatre Camins, 30, 08022 Barcelona, Spain; joanp@salleurl...

Möcks' topographic component model (TCM) (Möcks, J. Topographic components model for event-related potentials and some biophysical considerations. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng., 1988a, 35: 482-484; Möcks, J. Decomposing event-related potentials: a new topographic components model. Biol. Psychol., 1988b, 26: 199-215) decomposes event-related potentials into components uniquely determined by their res...

the dedicated satellite mission goce will sense various small mass variations along its path around the earth. here we study the effect of the earth’s topography and atmosphere on goce data. the effects depend on the magnitude of topographic height, and they will therefore vary by region. as the effect of the atmosphere and topography must be removed from the total gravity anomaly prior to geoi...

The demand for Natural resources is increasing day by day due to increasing population , rapid urbanization, industrial growth and agricultural utilization. The levels of Groundwater is decreasing over years due to all the above activities and decreasing of annual rainfall year by year due to climatic changes and increasing runoff due to urbanization and deforestation. Hence, it is necessary to...

Debate about the relative roles of catastrophic v. continuous processes of landform evolution is as old as the discipline of Earth Science itself. Over the last 10 years or so, research in the Earth Sciences has focussed strongly on the Earth’s surface and particularly in terms of quantifying rates of processes. This research parallels developments in geomorphology and sedimentology in the quan...

The distribution of desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii) spans a wide range of biotic and abiotic conditions in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico, with physical and behavioral differences distinguishing tortoises inhabiting the Mojave Desert from those inhabiting the Sonoran Desert. Relative to tortoise populations in the Mojave Desert, populations in the Sonoran Desert ha...

Maps of auditory space in the midbrain of the barn owl (Tyto alba) are calibrated by visual experience. When owls are raised wearing prismatic spectacles that displace the visual field in azimuth, the auditory receptive fields of neurons in the optic tectum shift to compensate for the optical displacement of the visual field. This shift results primarily from a shift in the tuning of tectal neu...

The architecture and evolution of the subglacial hydrological system plays a key role in modulating ice flow. Eskers provide an opportunity to understand hydrology at broader perspective than contemporary studies. Recent research has established morphogenetic classification for eskers, but these studies have been limited topographically simple regions single sheet. We present updated map esker ...