Background & aim: Prenatal care is a key strategy for achieving public health goals, primary healthcare objectives, and the Millennium Development Goals. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors influencing the use of prenatal care services in order to design suitable interventions and promote the use of these services. Methods:In this systematic quantitative literature review, stud...

Background Informal payments for health care, which are common in many countries, can have negative effects on health care access, equity and health status as they lead people to forgo or delay seeking care, or to sell assets to pay for care. Many countries are putting reforms in place with the aim of reducing informal payments. In order to be successful, such policies should be informed by the...

The unit dose system of medication distribution is a pharmacy-coordinated method of dispensing and controlling medications in organized health-care settings. The unit dose system may differ in form, depending on the specific needs of the organization. However, the following distinctive elements are basic to all unit dose systems: medications are contained in single unit packages; they are dispe...

Large programs have bugs; software engineering practices reduce the number of bugs in deployed systems by relying on a combination of unit tests, to filter out bugs in individual procedures, and system tests, to identify bugs in an integrated system. Our previous work showed how Floyd-Hoare triples, {P}C{Q}, could also be seen as unit tests, i.e. formed a link between verification and test-base...

the objective of this research was to study the feasibility of a two stage continuous system employing anaerobic-aerobic microbial film for domestic wastewater treatment and the effect of iron on the behavior of sulfate reducing bacteria in anaerobic metabolism. a bench scale system with an anaerobic filter followed by aerobic fixed units used plastic media and was operated in up flow manner wi...

Health & Demographic Surveillance System Profile: The Dikgale Health and Demographic Surveillance System Marianne Alberts,* Sekgothe A Dikotope, Solomon R Choma, Matshane L Masemola, Sewela EP Modjadji, Felistas Mashinya, Sandra Burger, Ian Cook, Sanette J Brits and Peter Byass Department of Medical Sciences, Public Health and Health Promotion, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa, IN...

background: mental disorder is one of the most important diseases of which is predicted to increase from 10.5% to 15% until 2020. this study aimed to determine economic factors influencing mental health using multiple regression models in ilam province in 2013. methods: in this cross sectional study, 903 families from different cities of ilam were selected using multistage cluster sampling. the...