Characteristics of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase from normal liver, Morris hepatomas 5123C, 5123t.c. and 9618A, and host liver were studied. Animals were fed on control and 5%-cholesterol diets. Microsomal membranes from all tissues were found to accumulate cholesterol after 3 days on the 5%-cholesterol diet. The enzyme of the tumours showed no feedback inhibition by dietary choleste...

Gut microbiota and their metabolites have been linked to a series of chronic diseases such as obesity and other metabolic dysfunctions. Obesity is an increasingly serious international health issue that may lead to a risk of insulin resistance and other metabolic diseases. The relationship between gut microbiota and the host is both interdependent and relatively independent. In this review, the...

It has become increasingly clear that the composition of mammalian gut microbial communities is substantially diet driven. These microbiota form intricate mutualisms with their hosts, which have profound implications on overall health. For example, many gut microbes are involved in the conversion of host-ingested dietary polysaccharides into host-usable nutrients. One group of important gut mic...

BACKGROUND The World Health Organization recommends Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination against tuberculosis be given at birth. However, in many developing countries, pre-term and low birth weight infants get vaccinated only after they gain the desired weight. In Kenya, the ministry of health recommends pre-term and low birth weight infants to be immunized at the time of discharge from h...

Title of dissertation: GENETIC AND PHENOTYPIC DIFFERENTIATION AS A CONSEQUENCE OF HOST PLANT USE BY LEPIDOPTERAN HERBIVORES J. Gwen Shlichta, Doctor in Philosophy, 2011 Dissertation directed by: Professor Pedro Barbosa, Department of Entomology In this dissertation, I focused on the role of plant hosts as a driving force leading to phenotypic and genotypic changes in insect herbivores. There ar...

Larvae of Manduca sexta are facultative specialists on plants in the family Solanaceae. Larvae reared on solanaceous foliage develop a strong preference for their host; otherwise, they remain polyphagous. The host-specific recognition cue in potato foliage for Manduca larvae is the steroidal glycoside, indioside D. Two pairs of galeal taste sensilla, the lateral and medial sensilla styloconica,...

The environmental conditions experienced by parents influence next generations, with the parental nutritional status playing an important role in shaping offspring phenotypes. Our understanding of transgenerational effects diet on pathogen resistance is, however, poorly documented. We manipulated quality (i.e., mother, father, or both) and measured development survival after immune challenge se...

Abstract Ecological and genetic factors have influenced the composition of human microbiome during our evolutionary history. We analysed oral microbiota Agta, a hunter–gatherer population where some members adopted an agricultural diet. show that age is strongest factor modulating microbiome, probably through immunosenescence since we identified increase in number species classified as pathogen...

Metacommunity membership is influenced by habitat availability and trophic requirements. However, for multitrophic horizontally transmitted symbiont communities that are closely associated with hosts, symbiont–host interactions may affect criteria in novel ways. For example, failure of beneficial services from symbionts could influence the host, turn, entire community. Understanding such host–s...

The intestinal microbiota is considered a large organ in the human body performing functions host that range from supporting digestion and absorption of nutrients diet to regulating various processes host. Maintaining diverse stable critical maintaining homeostasis health. Studies have suggested relationship between microbial changes development several pathologies. In this context, metformin, ...