one of the characteristics in iranian model of desertification potential assessment (imdpa) is vegetation. sincevegetation is very important factor in the degradation of land, so some indices were determined for this item in order toevaluate desertification potential of arid, semi arid and arid sub humid areas of iran. the indices included vegetationcondition, exploit and revegetation. to calib...

The arid region is spread over 38.7 million hectares mainly in the states of Rajasthan. Gujarat, Haryana, Punjab, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh besides cold arid region situated in Leh, Laddakh and Himachal Pradesh. The region is marked by extreme environmental constraints due to which the cultivation of traditional crops is not economical. In a situation such as this, arid horticulture has ample s...

According to the geographical location of Iran, it enjoys both arid and semi-arid weather, which has been the cause of water shortage problems. Therefore, water has been one of strategic importance in Iran. When the population dramatically increased in ancient Iran, the demand for supplying water also increased simultaneously and brought about the need for the invention of a new way for supplyi...

flood frequency analysis is faced with the problem of data and information limitation in arid and semi-arid regions. particularly in these regions, the length of records is usually too short to ensure reliable quantile estimates. more than 75% of iran is located in arid and semi-arid regions and despite the low annual precipitation, often large floods occur. one way to provide more information ...

On July 17, 2003, the National Bureau of Economic Research announced that the United States economy had troughed in November 2001 following the peak in March 2001. This makes the 2001 recession one of the shortest in U.S. history being only eight months in length. Whereas business cycles are defined in terms of the overall economies the authors of this paper investigate whether this national re...

The pteridophyte account of Flora Iranica (ed. K.H. Rechinger) is still not published. The Caspian forests provide suitable habitats for the growth of many ferns and fern allies in Iran. In semi-arid and mountainous areas of Iran, mesophilous plants are restricted to rock crevices, waterfall proximity, stream banks and lake shores. Based on field collections and study of herbarium specimens in ...