b ackground : a cinetobacter spp. emerged as an opportunistic pathogen for hospital-acquired infections. recently, increasing antibiotic resistance among acinetobacter spp. has worsened the problem. the aim of this study was to investigate  the  emerging  trend  of  infection  due  to acinetobacter  in ghaem university hospital, mashhad during 2006-2012. methods : the demographic data and infor...

Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a calamitous complication with high morbidity and substantial cost. The reported incidence is low but it is probably underestimated due to the difficulty in diagnosis. PJI has challenged the orthopaedic community for several years and despite all the advances in this field, it is still a real concern with immense impact on patients, and the healthcare system....

Few studies have been conducted on the causative factors associated with the development of cancer. Infection by high risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) have been implicated as causative agents in a variety of cancers. HPV is capable of evading immune system and establishing persistent infections. Prolonged infection and lesion maintenance are associated with higher risk of neoplastic progressi...

Background: The ongoing epidemics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have caused serious concerns in terms of public health. Literature that focuses on the risk factors of this issue is limited especially in developing countries. This study aimed to determine the predictors of COVID-19 infection in the west region of Iran. Methods: This case-control study was conducted from February to Apr...

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common bacterial infection occurring in residents of long-term–care facilities. It is a frequent reason for antimicrobial administration, but antimicrobial use for treating UTIs is often inappropriate. Achieving optimal management of UTI in this population is problematic because of the very high prevalence of bacteriuria, evidence that the treatment of ...

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) was once considered a primarily nosocomial concern. Emerging evidence from the last 20 years has highlighted a drastic shift in the known epidemiology of CDI, with disease outside of hospitals apparently occurring more frequently and causing severe disease in populations that were thought to be at low risk. This narrative review summarises potential pathway...

results a total of 6095 participants (36.4% male and 65.6% female) with the mean age of 92 (7-95) and mean ± sd of 34.6 ± 17.3 years were included in this study. fifteen persons (0.24%) were detected as hcv-positive and the highest prevalence was seen in age ≤ 12 years old (1%). a significant association was only detected between blood transfusion and hcv infection; therefore, those persons wit...

AIMS To describe the epidemiological pattern of Giardia infection in the Auckland region and compare it with national and international patterns of Giardia infection. METHODS Anonymised giardiasis notification data from the Auckland District Health Board for the period July 1996 to June 2000 were analysed by person, place and time. Infection rates and relative risks were calculated and compar...

The behavior of animals is intricately linked to the environment; a Background: relationship that is often studied in laboratory conditions by using environmental perturbations to study biological mechanisms underlying the behavioral change. This study pertains to two such well-studied and well-replicated Methods: perturbations, i.e., stress-induced anxiogenesis and Toxoplasma-induced loss of i...