Infectious diseases represent a major health problem worldwide, both in terms of morbidity and mortality. A complex combination of environmental, pathogen and host genetic factors plays a role in determining both susceptibility to particular microbes and the course of infection. Numerous studies have now mapped and identified relevant genes using a variety of both family-based and population-ba...

Background and aims: Infectious diseases are disorders caused by organisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites .The Th9 subset develops in response to combined signals from TGF-b and IL-4 among a cacophony of other cytokines in an extracellular milieu. T helper 9 (Th9) cells,  as a novel CD4 T cell subset, seem to play a complex role in the outcome of specific immune responses. In thi...

Depending on intensity and extent occurrence of infectious diseases can be distinguished accordingly: Sporadic – isolated cases of disease without obvious epidemiological connections Epidemical – mass occurrence of infectious disease in mutual epidemiological connection taking place in a limited territory for a certain amount of time. When two or more cases of disease occur in one family or hou...

Dr. Helen M. Acland, PA; Dr. Debbie Barr, CAN; Dr. Derek J. Belton, NZ; Dr. C. Carter Black, GA; Dr. Bruce L. Branscomb, NV; Dr. Jones W. Bryan, SC; Dr. Suzanne L. Burnham, TX; Dr. C. L. Campbell, FL; Dr. John A. Caver, SC; Dr. Max E. Coats, Jr., TX; Dr. Leroy M.. Coffman, Fl; Dr. Tim Cordes, MD; Mr. Ed Corrigan, WI; Ms. Michelle H. Davidson, CA; Dr. Dee Ellis, TX; Ms. J. Amelita Facchiano, TX;...

This article reviews the available literature on medical elementology in relation to epidemiology and also discusses its research potentialities for development.

INTRODUCTION Except skin, the respiratory tract is the only human organ directly affected by (indoor) air. Therefore it is understandable, that all pollutants from the air can evoke any trouble especially in susceptible people. Microbiological contamination of any environment is common and also indoor air or environment is rich in different microbes and it doesn’t make too big difference if pat...

The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), which functions as the regional office for the Americas of the World Health Organization, is committed to provide technical cooperation to countries to update the epidemiological information available for mapping and modelling of the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), a set of diseases mainly caused by parasites affecting people living in low socioe...