This study investigated the role of public policy in transforming innovation systems into ecosystems. Despite numerous studies that examined policies promoting and increasing attention paid to transition from ecosystems literature, research on facilitating this is sparse. To develop an analytical framework identifies factors be considered facilitate towards ecosystems, we synthesised literature...

Background While responsible innovation in health (RIH) suggests that health innovations could be purposefully designed to better support health systems, little is known about the system-level challenges that it should address. The goal of this paper is thus to document what is known about health systems’ demand for innovations.   Methods We searched 8 databases to perfo...

An increased emphasis on the role of innovation as a primary driver of economic growth in contemporary knowledge-based economies has put the politics of innovation processes on the front burner. But just what exactly one thinks should be done depends crucially on the theory of innovation that is adopted. In this contribution, we explore how a view of innovation inspired by complexity theory can...

Performance indicators such as national wealth (GDP per capita), R&D intensity (GERD/GDP) and scientific impact (citaions/paper) are used to compare innovation systems. These indicators are derived from the ratio of primary measures such as opulation, GDP, GERD and papers. Frequently they are used to rank members of an innovation system and to inform decision makrs. This is illustrated by the E...

Extension and advisory services are integral to the AIS, where now more than ever they play a brokering role, linking key actors such as producer organizations, research services, and higher education. This module looks at the history and current status of extension and advisory services and examines important topics such as pluralism, new roles for extension, new kinds of service providers, IC...

Preface Concern over access to essential medicines has dominated international health policy debates over the last two decades. Much of this debate has focused on the role of intellectual property rights in either restricting or enabling developing countries to address persistent and emerging medical challenges. Much of this debate has focused on African countries which have borne higher diseas...