The role of lateral ocean physics in the upper ocean thermal balance of a coupled ocean-atmosphere GCM Abstract The sensitivity of the upper ocean thermal balance of an ocean-atmosphere coupled GCM to lateral ocean physics is assessed. Three 40-year simulations are performed using horizontal mixing, isopycnal mixing , and isopycnal mixing plus eddy induced advection. The thermal adjustment of t...

Uptake of 22Na+ and 45Ca2+ into everted membrane vesicles from Escherichia coli was measured with imposed transmembrane pH gradients, acid interior, as driving force. Vesicles loaded with 0.5 M KCl were diluted into 0.5 M choline chloride to create a potassium gradient. Addition of nigericin to produce K+/H+ exchange resulted in formation of a pH gradient. This imposed gradient was capable of d...

Evidence is presented to show that the energy-active state is located within the surface of electrolyzed palladium. Although a high average D/Pd ratio is required to form this state, this is not the only condition. Several additional conditions must exist to cause a very high surface composition to form and to cause a conversion of the resulting material from -PdD to another phase. The require...

Transmembrane movement of dopamine in response to K+ or H+ ion gradients has been investigated. It is shown that dopamine can accumulate rapidly into large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) composed of egg phosphatidylcholine exhibiting either a K+ diffusion potential (delta psi; negative inside) or a pH gradient (inside acidic). This can result in entrapped dopamine concentrations of 30-40 mM and in...

Chromaffin granules, the catecholamine storage organelles of adrenal medulla, accumulate monoamines by an active process which involves 2 different entities: an electrogenic ATP-dependent H+ctranslocase which generates a proton electrochemical gradient ApH+ (interior acid and positive) [l-3] and a specific monoamine carrier which mediates the coupling between Ac(H+ and substrate accumulation [4...

The nonlinear Forchheimer equations are used to describe the dynamics of fluid flows in porous media when Darcy's law is not applicable. In this article, we consider the generalized Forchheimer flows for slightly compressible fluids and study the initial boundary value problem for the resulting degenerate parabolic equation for pressure with the time-dependent flux boundary condition. We estima...

In this section we will give an (extremely) brief Introduction to the concept of interior point methods • Logarithmic Barrier Method • Method of Centers We have previously seen methods that follow a path On the boundary of the feasible region (Simplex). As the name suggest, interior point methods instead Follow a path through the interior of the feasible region.

We consider the interior Hölder regularity of spatial gradient viscosity solution to parabolic normalized p ( x , t ) -Laplace equation u = ? i j + ? 2 | D with some suitable assumptions on which arises naturally from a two-player zero-sum stochastic differential game probabilities depending space and time.