The purpose of this paper was to analyze the structure of difficult concepts learning within the classroom. The sample of the study was 18 fourth grade students in Central Taiwan, and the exam tools were produced by teachers for math exams. In this paper, a combination of the Rasch Model GSP chart analysis theory, the misconception domain, the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) and Grey Str...

We extract and analyze the decision factors of introducing image information system by ISM (Interpretive Structural Modeling) method to determine the criteria and structure for system selection. As a result, 15 factors were extracted, and the structure and relation among factors became clear.

Nowadays, due to the competitive conditions of global market, corporations try to outsource their extraneous processes to third-party suppliers. So, selecting a proper supplier play a significant role in organization success. The supplier selection problem can be viewed as a group decision-making problem with multiple criteria. Since in previous researches the inter relationship between cri...

In this paper, we analyse and seek to understand the complex relations that occur between clients and consultants during consulting projects. The paper uses ideas from Schön’s model of the “reflective practitioner” to propose a new model conceptualising the client-consultant team as a community of interpretive communities. We show that client and consultant belong to different interpretive comm...