as global competition intensifies, research and development (r & d) organizations need to enhance their strategic management in order to become goal-directed communities for innovation and allocate their resources consistent with their overall r & d strategy. the world pharmaceutical market has undergone fast, unprecedented, tremendous and complex changes in the last several years. the pharmace...

Conflicting trends confound the pharmaceutical industry. The productivity of pharmaceutical innovation has declined in recent years. At the same time, the cohort of large companies who are the leading engines of pharmaceutical R&D has become increasingly concentrated. The concurrent presence of these trends is not sufficient to determine causation. In response to lagging innovation prospects, s...

Most of the world's health problems afflict poor countries and their poorest inhabitants. There are many reasons why so many people die of poverty-related causes. One reason is that the poor cannot access many of the existing drugs and technologies they need. Another, is that little of the research and development (R&D) done on new drugs and technologies benefits the poor. There are several pro...

The paper describes five open innovation business models collaboration, outsourcing, licensing, trading and incorporation defined on the basis of open revenues and costs, new investments and divestments in intangibles. A sample of 271 companies from bio-pharmaceutical and technology hardware & equipment industries is investigated, and their annual reports for the three years period 2010-2012 ar...

Regarding to rapidly changing and highly competitive business environment it will become increasingly important for organizations to measure their performances appropriately. With respect to special characteristics of pharmaceutical industry and lack of reported performance measurement, this study tries to design an integrated performance measurement model for pharmaceutical companies. For gene...

Based on the macroeconomic policies of the country regarding eliminating reliance on the sale of crude oil and in order to further develop the petrochemical industry and considering the special features of this industry including its technology based nature, facing fast changes and strong competition in the region, it is necessary for the active petrochemical companies to make plans with more i...

The purpose of this study is to clarify the benefit and loss for the pharmaceutical companies when they adopt introducing pharmacogenomics in their clinical trials (in the following description, clinical trials by using pharmacogenomics is called "pgx clinical trial"), that is, when they use genetic information in their clinical trials. Particularly, the benefit for the pharmaceutical companies...