Relying upon tools from the theory of integrable systems, we discuss linear instability Kuznetsov–Ma breathers and Akhmediev focusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation. We use Darboux transformation to construct simultaneously exact solutions Lax system associated with breathers. obtain a full description spectra for two breathers, including multiplicities eigenvalues. Solutions linearized NLS equ...

The purpose of this study is to examine the properties dust-acoustic solitary waves in a complex magnetoplasma made up negatively charged moving dust grains lower ionospheric region and inertialess electrons ions obeying Maxwell kappa distributions, respectively. In context, reductive perturbation technique carried out obtain Zakharov–Kuznetsov (ZK) equation within given framework. obtained evo...