Diabetes mellitus is a widespread metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia and associated with severe complications, including cardiovascular disease and dyslipidemia. The cardiovascular risk is considerably increased in diabetic patients, and novel cardioprotective strategies are sought that could target both diabetic and cardiovascular outcomes. L-carnitine is a conditionally essentia...

The effects of L-carnitine on 14CO2 release from [1-14C]pyruvate oxidation (an index of pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, PDH), [2-14C]pyruvate, and [6-14C]glucose oxidation (indices of the acetyl-CoA flux through citric acid cycle), and [U-14C]glucose (an index of both PDH activity and the flux of acetyl-CoA through the citric acid cycle), were studied using isolated rat cardiac myocytes. L-car...

1. Michaelis constants for substrates of carnitine acetyltransferase have been shown to be independent of the concentration of second substrate present. This applies to the forward reaction between acetyl-l-carnitine and CoASH, and to the back reaction between l-carnitine and acetyl-CoA. 2. Product inhibition of both forward and back reactions has been studied. Evidence has been obtained for in...

BACKGROUND Carnitine plays essential roles in energy production, oxidative stress and glucose metabolism. This study was planned to determine serum total L-carnitine levels in non-obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS There were 27 non-obese women with PCOS and 30 healthy, age- and body mass index (BMI) matched controls were evaluated in this controlled clinical study. Se...

BACKGROUND To develop and validate a simple and reliable high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for the analysis of free L-carnitine in human seminal plasma and to investigate its clinical significance as a potentially additional means of evaluating the infertile male. METHODS After proteins in seminal plasma are precipitated with a mixture of acetonitrile and methanol (9:1; v/...

l-Carnitine, a quaternary amine, improves fatty acid metabolism in the heart and has anti-inflammatory effects. Several studies have reported efficacy of l-carnitine for prophylaxis arrhythmia. We assessed clinical effectiveness preventing postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) aortic valve surgery. Thirty patients who underwent surgery were included. Fifteen had no other than conventional me...

We describe a highly sensitive and specific method for determining L-carnitine in serum by use of carnitine dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.108). The method involves a new enzymatic cycling technique with NADH, thio-NAD+, and carnitine dehydrogenase, and measures the increase of absorbance at 415 nm of thio-NADH produced at 37 degrees C during the reaction: [formula: see text] The calibration curve for...

Suppression of PentylenetetrazolInduced Seizures and c-fos Expression in Mouse Brain by L-Carnitine: Yoshihisa IRYO, et al. Department of Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health—Seizure development in ddY mice was recorded on a videotape for 20 min after injection of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) (50 mg/kg) and analyze...