PURPOSE PD-L1 is the main ligand for the immune inhibitory receptor PD-1. This ligand is frequently expressed by melanoma cells. In this study, we investigated whether PD-L1 expression is controlled by melanoma driver mutations and modified by oncogenic signaling inhibition. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Expression of PD-L1 was investigated in a panel of 51 melanoma cell lines containing different onco...

Purpose: Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) tumor expression represents a mechanism of immune escape for melanoma cells. Drugs blocking PD-L1 or its receptor have shown unprecedented activity in melanoma, and our purpose was to characterize tumor PD-L1 expression and associated T-cell infiltration in metastatic melanomas. Experimental Design: We used a tissue microarray (TMA) consisting of two c...

The programmed death 1/programmed death 1 ligand (PD-L) pathway is instrumental in peripheral tolerance. Blocking this pathway exacerbates experimental autoimmune diseases, but its role in autoimmune kidney disease has not been explored. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that the programmed death 1 ligands (PD-L1 and PD-L2), provide a protective barrier during T cell- and macrophage (Mphi)-de...

Mutations in the L1 neural cell adhesion molecule, a transmembrane glycoprotein, cause a spectrum of congenital neurological syndromes, ranging from hydrocephalus to mental retardation. Many of these mutations are single amino acid changes that are distributed throughout the various domains of the protein. Defective herpes simplex virus vectors were used to express L1 protein with the clinical ...

Background: Cell recognition molecule L1 (L1) plays an important role in cancer cell differentiation, proliferation, migration and survival, but its mechanism remains unclear. Methodology/Principal: Our previous study has demonstrated that L1 enhanced cell survival and migration in neural cells by regulating cell surface glycosylation. In the present study, we show that L1 affected cell migrati...

Melanoma, an aggressive malignancy of melanocytes, is responsible for more deaths than any other skin cancer. Despite the fact that there a long lag period before premalignant dysplastic nevi become invasive melanomas, has been little progress in developing new methods melanoma prevention. Using animal model melanomagenesis, we examined whether administration anti-PD-L1 antibodies, effective im...

PURPOSE Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand, PD-L1, are regulators of immune/ inflammatory mechanisms. We explored the potential involvement of PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in the inflammatory response and tissue damage in cardiac injury models. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Ischemic-reperfused and cryoinjured hearts were processed for flow cytometry and immunohistochemical studies for determination of card...

We previously showed that two thyroid hormone receptor (TR) isoforms--TRα1 and TRβ1--differentially regulate thyroid hormone (triiodothyroxine, T(3))-stimulated adipogenesis in vivo. This study aims to understand the role of the nuclear receptor corepressor, NCoR1, in TR isoform-dependent adipogenesis. We found that T(3)-stimulated adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells was accompanied by progressive los...

Recurrent and/or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC) is a devastating malignancy with a poor prognosis. According to recent clinical studies, tumour growth can be effectively reduced and survival can be improved by blocking the programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD‑L1) pathway. PD-L1 expression has been proposed as a potential causative mechan...

Background: Lung cancer treatment has become increasingly dependent upon invasive biopsies to profile tumors for personalized therapy. Recently, tumor expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) has gained interest as a potential predictor of response to immunotherapy. Circulating biomarkers present an opportunity for tumor profiling without the risks of invasive procedures. We characterize...