As a novel neural network learning framework, Twin Extreme Learning Machine (TELM) has received extensive attention and research in the field of machine learning. However, TELM is affected by noise or outliers practical applications so that its generalization performance reduced compared to robust algorithms. In this paper, we propose two distance metric optimization-driven twin extreme framewo...

In a recent paper by Hubert, Arabie, and Meulman (2002), a comparison is made among several different optimization strategies for the linear unidimensional scaling (LUS) task in the L2-norm, with all implementations carried out within a MATLAB computational environment. The central LUS task involves arranging the n objects in a set S = {O1, O2, . . . , On} along a single dimension, defined by c...

This paper,  applies the concept  of KM-fuzzy metric spaces and  introduces a novel concept of KM-fuzzy metric  graphs based on KM-fuzzy metric spaces.  This study, investigates the finite KM-fuzzy metric spaces with respect to metrics and KM-fuzzy metrics and constructs KM-fuzzy metric spaces on any given non-empty sets. It tries to  extend   the concept of KM-fuzzy metric spaces to  a larger ...

This study examined language-specific links among auditory processing, linguistic prosody awareness, and Mandarin (L1) and English (L2) word reading in 61 Mandarin-speaking, English-learning children. Three auditory discrimination abilities were measured: pitch contour, pitch interval, and rise time (rate of intensity change at tone onset). Linguistic prosody awareness was measured three ways: ...

In this paper, we prove that a non-Riemannian isotropic Berwald metric or a non-Riemannian (α,β) -metric admits no concurrent vector fields. We also prove that an L-reducible Finsler metric admitting a concurrent vector field reduces to a Landsberg metric.In this paper, we prove that a non-Riemannian isotropic Berwald metric or a non-Riemannian (α,β) -metric admits no concurrent vector fi...

This paper is concerned with conditions under which a metric continuum (a compact connected metric space) contains a nondegenerate chainable continuum. This paper is concerned with conditions under which a metric continuum (a compact connected metric space) contains a non-degenerate chainable continuum. By R.H. Bing’s theorem eleven [2] if a metric continuum X contains a non-degenerate subconti...

in this paper, we study a class of finsler metrics which contains the class of p-reducible andgeneral relatively isotropic landsberg metrics, as special cases. we prove that on a compact finsler manifold,this class of metrics is nothing other than randers metrics. finally, we study this class of finsler metrics withscalar flag curvature and find a condition under which these metrics reduce to r...

For a class of fuzzy metric spaces (in the sense of George and Veeramani) with an H-type t-norm,  we present a method to construct a metric on a  fuzzy metric space. The induced metric space shares many important properties with the given fuzzy metric space.  Specifically, they generate the same topology, and have the same completeness. Our results can give the constructive proofs to some probl...

In this paper, we propose a new definition of intuitionistic fuzzyquasi-metric and pseudo-metric spaces based on intuitionistic fuzzy points. Weprove some properties of intuitionistic fuzzy quasi- metric and pseudo-metricspaces, and show that every intuitionistic fuzzy pseudo-metric space is intuitionisticfuzzy regular and intuitionistic fuzzy completely normal and henceintuitionistic fuzzy nor...