OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical application of phased-array surface coil intensity correction in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in spinal metastases. METHODS 3 phantoms and 50 patients with a corresponding total number of 80 spinal metastases were included in this study. Fast spin echo T1- and T2- weighted MRI with and without surface coil intensity correction was routinely performed for...

The application of the seismic reflection method is often limited in complex terrain areas. The problem is the incorrect correction of time-shifts caused by topography. To apply normal moveout (NMO) correction to reflection data correctly, static corrections are necessary to be applied in advance for the compensation of the time distortions of topography and the time-delays from near-surface we...

Gravity-based heights require gravity values at levelled benchmarks (BMs), which sometimes have to be predicted from surrounding observations. We use EGM2008 and the Australian National Gravity Database (ANGD) as examples of model and terrestrial observed data respectively to predict gravity at Australian national levelling network (ANLN) BMs. The aim is to quantify errors that may propagate in...

The colors a camera sees depends on the color of the viewing illuminant and, unless corrected, this leads to poor color reproduction. There are two strategies to color correction: constrained and unconstrained. The constrained methods rely on simplifying assumptions about the world (e.g. there is a white reeectance is in every scene). If the assumptions hold then good correction is possible but...

The problem of downward continuation of the gravity field from the Earth’s surface to the reference ellipsoid arises from the fact that the solution to the boundary value problem for geoid determination without applying Stokes formula is sought in terms of the disturbing potential on the ellipsoid but the gravity observations are only available on the Earth’s surface. Downward continuation is a...

Bus systems are unstable without considering any control. Thus, we are able to consider some control strategies to alleviate this problem. A holding control strategy is one commonly used real-time control strategy that can improve service quality. This paper develops a mathematical model for a holding control strategy. The objective of this model is to minimize the total cost related to passeng...