Hypothyroidism is one of the commonest chronic disorders in Western populations. In the United Kingdom, the annual incidence of primary hypothyroidism in women is 3.5 per 1000 and in men 0.6 per 1000. During 2006 12 million prescriptions for levothyroxine (50 μg or 100 μg tablets) were dispensed in England, equivalent to about 1.6 million people taking long term thyroid replacement therapy, abo...

introduction: hypothyroidism is diagnosed by elevated thyroid stimulating hormone (tsh) and normal or decreased serum levels of t4 or t3, and is associated with a wide range of m etabolic abnormalities, including anemia. this clinical study aimed to assess the improvement of anemia in patients with primary hypothyroidism following administration of levothyroxine in iranian population. materials...

BACKGROUND There is wide agreement that thyroid hormone replacement should not be given in doses sufficient to suppress thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). The purpose of our study was to determine the prevalence of patients currently taking levothyroxine who have an inappropriately suppressed TSH and are thereby at risk for complications of overt or subclinical hyperthyroidism. Those complicati...

The number of elderly people, mostly aged over 85 years (the 'oldest old'), is increasing worldwide. As a consequence, accompanying morbidity and disability have been increasing, and frailty, defined as an age-related condition of decline of physiological reserves and vulnerability, represents an emerging problem. Caring for older frail people may represent a challenge, since the elderly differ...

CONTEXT Standard therapy for patients with primary hypothyroidism is replacement with synthetic thyroxine, which undergoes peripheral conversion to triiodothyronine, the active form of thyroid hormone. Within the lay population and in some medical communities, there is a perception that adding synthetic triiodothyronine, or liothyronine, to levothyroxine improves the symptoms of hypothyroidism ...

The estimated prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) in the general population is 3% to 8%. As the average age of the population in the United States and other countries continues to increase, the overall prevalence of SCH may also be expected to increase. Although age-related changes in thyroid function are well described, normal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) reference limits, deri...

This guideline has been produced as the official statement of the European Thyroid Association guideline committee. Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) in pregnancy is defined as a thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level above the pregnancy-related reference range with a normal serum thyroxine concentration. Isolated hypothyroxinaemia (defined as a thyroxine level below the 2.5th centile of the pr...

Struma ovarii is a rare ovarian teratoma that may produce hyperthyroidism. The association with Hashimoto thyroiditis HT, however is rare and has been reported in only one case. We report a case of HT following the resection of struma ovarii tumor, after which the patient became frankly, hypothyroid with elevated thyroid stimulating hormone and low thyroxin levels. Her thyroid peroxidase antibo...