BACKGROUND A sexual dimorphism in human life expectancy has existed in almost every country for as long as records have been kept. Although human life expectancy has increased each year, females still live longer, on average, than males. Undoubtedly, the reasons for the sex gap in life expectancy are multifaceted, and it has been discussed from both sociological and biological perspectives. How...

To the Editor: Proteinuria, a marker of kidney disease, is associated strongly with risk of adverse outcomes, including all-cause mortality. Life expectancy, a measure to estimate health status and disease burden at a population level, has not been reported for patients with different levels of proteinuria. This information could help policy makers recognize the health burden caused by proteinu...

backgroundthe years of life lost (yll) due to cancer can be a more illustrative index. to promote preventive and therapeutic services, this study aimed to investigate the childhood cancer mortality and its trend over the past few years in yazd to provide planners with baseline data. material and method data obtained from death registration system of the healthcare center were used to calculate ...

A large amount of research literature shows that persons with severe neurological injuries, whether from cerebral palsy, traumatic brain injury, or spinal cord injury, are subject to greater mortality rates than persons of the same age and sex in the general population. This is especially true when motor function is seriously impaired. It follows as a mathematical consequence that their life ex...

In 1991, the National Task Force on Health Information recommended that in order to assess the health of Canadians, the health information system should include an aggregate index of population health. This article presents such an index--Health-Adjusted Life Expectancy (HALE)--as one possibility in a range of indicators. In contrast to conventional life expectancy, which considers all years as...