In response to the need expressed by the UN General Assembly, an economic vulnerability index (EVI) has been defined by the Committee for Development Policy. The present paper, which refers to this index, first examines how a structural economic vulnerability index can be designed for the low-income countries in particular. It recalls the conceptual and empirical grounds of the index, considers...

This paper introduces the parallel Chinese-English Entities, Relations and Events (ERE) corpora developed by Linguistic Data Consortium under the DARPA Deep Exploration and Filtering of Text (DEFT) Program. Original Chinese newswire and discussion forum documents are annotated for two versions of the ERE task. The texts are manually translated into English and then annotated for the same ERE ta...

This paper describes a data corpus which is being made available through the Linguistic Data Consortium (LDC) that codes lenition of syllable-final /s/ in Latin American Spanish in the LDC’s CallHome Spanish corpus. This lenition is a process whereby the /s/ may be aspirated (pronounced [h]) or deleted altogether. Since syllable-final /s/ is frequent in Spanish, lenition has a great effect on o...

The paper argues that an economy’s industry/technology structure is endogenously determined by the economy’s endowment structure. For the convergence to occur, the government of an LDC should target the upgrading of endowment structure instead of the industry/technology structure in its development strategy. If the government chooses to pursue an industry/technology structure, which is inconsis...

Several choice processes of alternatives for non-homogeneous group decision making problems, assuming linguistic preference relations for expressing the opinions of individuals and linguistic values for expressing their respective power or importance degrees, are presented. These processes are designed using two choice degrees of alternatives based on the concept of fuzzy majority: quanti-er gu...

Preface The contributions to this volume are selected and peer-reviewed papers on the basis of talks which were delivered on the QUALICO 2012 was, as usual, open to original papers without any limitations as to thematic or methodological aspects. Therefore, a large variety of topics has been addressed and numerous fields of linguistics and related fields have been touched. A number of contribut...

Teaching Arabic to non-native speakers is one of the scientific matters that hardly anyone leaves in this field. Because most used languages world after English. Despite lack methods for teaching it, failure it due way taught without taking into account differences between language studied and learners. This reasons difficulty non-Arabic learners while learning language. teachers must pay atten...

New Public Governance theory increases citizen participation and expands bureaucrats' roles in the work of government. Citizen creates new mechanisms for citizens to influence policy process. Bureaucrats' expanded allow broader bureaucratic discretion over implementation. When citizens' views on public management decisions collide, whose prevail? Do volunteers or bureaucrats have greater decisi...

The intuitionistic linguistic set (ILS) is an extension of linguisitc variable. To overcome the drawback of using single real number to represent membership degree and non-membership degree for ILS, the concept of interval-valued intuitionistic linguistic set (IVILS) is introduced through representing the membership degree and non-membership degree with intervals for ILS in this paper. The oper...