Fatigue strength of cross-shaped specimens of SPR joints made of SPCC was evaluated at load angles of 0°, 45°, and 90°. For the static strength at load angles of 0°, 45°, and 90°, the maximum loads were determined to be 4890N, 1969N, and 1611N, respectively. Regarding for the relationship between the load amplitude and the number of cycles (Nf), the results were 014 . 0 3 . 2209 − = f amp N P ,...

In order to investigate the non-linear fatigue cumulative damage of joints in ocean structural parts, one type low carbon steel Q345D was employed prepare designed T-type specimens, and a series experiments were carried out on specimens under two-step repeating variable amplitude loading condition. The chosen high cyclic loads larger than constant limit (CAFL) below CAFL. Firstly, S-N curve spe...

We focus the minimization of 1D free discontinuity problem with second order energy dependent on jump integrals but not on the cardinality of the discontinuity set, in the framework of L∞ load. The related energies are not lower semi continuous in BH. Nevertheless we show that if a safe load condition is fulfilled then minimizers exist and they belong actually to SBH, say their second derivativ...

the presence of microbial load and high fiber content in various non conventional feedstuffs limit their utilization in poultry feed. in the present study, the feedstuffs were treated with acidified sodium chlorite (asc) and its impact on  the microbial load and metabolizable energy availability was assessed in  the chickens. the effect of supplementation of feed grade enzyme was also evaluated...

Placing column lap-splice in the locations of possible nonlinear deformation may adversely affect the structures response to strong ground motions. Localization of damage in splice zone may change the structural response and prevent the load redistribution and development of a uniform pattern of nonlinear excursions among the various members. Validated by existing laboratory experiments, this s...

in the current engineering practices, buildings are commonly designed for an effective lifetime of 50 years. this lifetime can increase the cost of buildings with short lifetimes and can reduce the safety level of buildings with large lifetimes. in this paper, a “service-life factor” has been defined. applying this factor into the nominal values of live, earthquake, wind, and snow loads, the ef...

Earlier models of virus evolution during single infections do not include target cell limitation. Here we extend the basic mathematical framework of these theories and study the effect of target cell limitation on the evolution of antigenic variation, increasing replication rates and increasing virus load. We find that target cell limitation provides a selection pressure against antigenic diver...

An isosceles triangular frame with rotationally resistive joints under a tip load is studied. The large in-plane deformation elastica equations are formulated. Stability analysis shows the frame can buckle symmetrically or asymmetrically. Post-buckling behavior showing limit load and hysteresis are obtained by shooting and homotopy numerical algorithms. The behavior of a frame with rigid joints...

A class of probabilistic models for cascading failure propagation in interconnected systems is proposed. The models are able to represent important physical characteristics of realistic load-redistribution mechanisms, e.g., that the load increments after a failure depend on the load of the failing element and that they may be distributed nonuniformly among the remaining elements. In the limit o...