Both the economics and the engineering of irrigation design are typically based on the assumption of a single source. The more general economic problem is to determine which sources should be developed and how water should be allocated and delivered to various receptor-farmers. This is a problem in network economics. We begin our exploration with the problem of allocating irrigation water from ...

Although randomised controlled trials are the reference methodology to assess the effects of therapeutic interventions, for interventions that naturally occur in groups of individuals random allocation of participants may be inappropriate. In these cases, the unit of random allocation may be the group or cluster, rather than the individual. Clinical trials that randomly allocate groups or clust...

In this paper we study resource allocation problems that involve multiple self-interested parties or players, and a central decision maker. We introduce and study the price of fairness, which is the relative system efficiency loss under a “fair” allocation assuming that a fully efficient allocation is one that maximizes the sum of player utilities. We focus on two well accepted, axiomatically j...

BACKGROUND The Eurotransplant acceptable mismatch program has improved transplantation access for highly sensitized recipients. However, the benefits and costs of implementing such a program remain unknown. METHODS Using decision analytical modeling, we compared the average waiting time for transplantation, overall survival gains (in life-years and quality-adjusted life-years gained), and cos...

In this paper we propose an approach for optimization of energy consumption in sensor networks. Compared to existing approaches the proposed approach takes into account the energy for data communication between nodes in task allocation. In the proposed approach firstly the tasks are allocated to sensor nodes by DPSO Algorithm, while the cost function including network constraint is optimum. Per...

This paper examines the effects of deviating from the optimal life-cycle asset allocation. The magnitude of likely deviations is gauged through an analysis of differences between available life-cycle funds. The motivation is that due to search costs, the complexity of the decision problem and other factors, an investor may choose a fund with asset allocation profile A even though profile B woul...

The ratio in [A.3′] is the factor increase in the cost by an increase in the bidding expenditure by a factor of δ > 1. As wealth increases both costs decrease. Our assumption simply posits that the cost at the higher level of bidding does not fall faster than the lower cost. In particular, this assumption excludes the possibility that the costs of expending δr and r tend to converge to each oth...

We develop a model of budget allocation for permanent and contingent workforce under stochastic demand. The level of permanent capacity is determined at the beginning of the horizon and is kept constant throughout whereas the number of temporary workers to be hired must be decided in each period. Compared to existing budgeting models, this paper explicitly considers a budget constraint. Under t...