[1] There is a potential for isotropic tomographic models to be biased by ignored anisotropy; anisotropy could be mapped as artificial isotropic velocity perturbations. We investigate the distribution and strength of this potential bias for three tomographic S velocity models based on regional S and Rayleigh waveforms. We use observed SKS delay times and fast-axis orientations to compute equiva...

Cold rolled sheet metal often used in laser forming exhibits anisotropic properties, which are mostly caused by preferred orientations of grains developed during the severe plastic deformation. In present study, the textures of cold-rolled mild steel sheets are characterized and the influence of the plastic anisotropy on laser forming process is investigated. Deformation textures are measured i...

Surface temperature is a key variable in boundary-layer meteorology and is typically acquired by remote observation of emitted thermal radiation. However, the three-dimensional structure of cities complicates matters: uneven solar heating of urban facets produces an “effective anisotropy” of surface thermal emission at the neighbourhood scale. Remotely-sensed urban surface temperature varies wi...

Introduction: Clinical application of encapsulated radioactive brachytherapy sources has a major role in cancer treatment. In the present research, the effects of different tissue densities on the dose distribution of a 103Pd brachytherapy source in a spherical phantom of 50 cm radius have been studied. Material and Methods: As is well known, absorbed dose in tissue depends to its density, but ...

Within the crust, the weathered layer has been shown to contain some of the greatest values of shear wave velocity anisotropy. There are two main causes of this shear wave velocity anisotropy. In all rock types, anisotropy results from structural weaknesses commonly manifest as aligned open fractures. In sedimentary rocks, additional anisotropy can result from mineral or grain particle alignmen...

Mechanical anisotropy is an important feature of materials. Depending on the direction it is pulled, a material can exhibit very different mechanical properties. Mechanical anisotropy on the microscopic scale has also been observed for individual elastomeric proteins. Depending upon the direction along which it is stretched, a protein can unfold via different mechanical unfolding pathways and e...

In cylindrical continua, hoop stresses are induced due to the circumferential failure. This mainly happens when the cylinder is subjected to mechanical loads which vary in the circumferential directions. On the other hand, radial stress is stress in the direction of or opposite to the central axis of a cylindrical body. In the present study, the influence of curvilinear anisotropy on the radial...

Large strains, anisotropy of mechanical properties of materials and Coulomb friction in contact regions are some properties in the analysis of deep drawing process. In this research, the effects of different parameters such as anisotropy coefficient, work hardening exponent and friction coefficient on deep drawing process of drawing quality steel are studied. For this purpose, the finite elemen...

Near a borehole, stress concentration effects may cause a complex spatial variation of elastic anisotropy. Stress-induced sonic anisotropy results when moduli and velocities are stress dependent and the state of stress is nonhydrostatic. For such cases, the appropriate material model is that of an elastic orthorhombic medium with material axes aligned with the principal axes of stress. We simul...

We study the nonlinear elastic response of a two-dimensional material to a localized boundary force, with the particular goal of understanding the differences observed between isotropic granular materials and those with hexagonal anisotropy. Corrections to the classical Boussinesq result for the stresses in an infinite half space of a linear, isotropic material are developed in a power series i...