Anthraquinones are an important class of naturally occurring biologically active compounds. In this study, anthraquinone derivative 1,3-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone-2- carboxylic acid (DHAQC) (2) was synthesized with 32% yield through the Friedel-Crafts condensation reaction. The mechanisms of cytotoxicity of DHAQC (2) in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells were further investigated. Results from t...

In an attempt to understand the species-selective toxicity of felbamate (2-phenyl-1,3-propanediol dicarbamate, FBM), which is thought to result from bioactivation to 2-phenylpropenal, FBM metabolism was evaluated in rats and humans. The formation of 2-phenylpropenal was monitored by the amount of its mercapturates excreted in urine. The data show a relative 5-fold increase in mercapturate excre...

BACKGROUND BAG-1 (bcl-2 associated athanogene) is a multifunctional protein that protects cells from a wide range of apoptotic stimuli including radiation, hypoxia and chemotherapeutic agents. Overexpression of cytoplasmic BAG-1 has been associated with the increased survival and decreased response to treatment with tamoxifen (TAM) in breast cancer. We attempted to assess the expression of BAG-...

BACKGROUND Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) is a lethal disease of cattle, characterized by vasculitis, necrosis, and accumulation of activated, dysregulated cytotoxic lymphocytes in various tissues. Ovine gamma herpesvirus 2 (OvHV-2) is a causative agent of MCF, which may trigger the disease through immunopathogenic pathways. Lymphocytes are the main target of the virus. However, the pathogenic...

The human breast epithelial cell line MCF-10 was derived from s.c. mastectomy tissue from a 36-year-old, parous, premenopausal woman with fibrocystic disease. It was initiated as a mortal cell line (MCF-10M), which senesces when transferred serially in 1.05 mM calcium. These cells spontaneously gave origin to two immortal sublines, MCF-10A, or attached cells, and MCF-10F, or floating cells, whi...

Although several signaling pathways have been suggested to be involved in the cellular response to ionizing radiation, the molecular basis of tumor resistance to radiation remains elusive. We have developed a unique model system based upon the MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line that became resistant to radiation treatment (MCF+FIR30) after exposure to chronic ionizing radiation. By proteomics ...

Alcohol consumption is associated with increased breast cancer risk; however, the underlying mechanisms that contribute to mammary tumor initiation and progression are unclear. Alcohol is known to induce oxidative stress and DNA damage; likewise, p53 is a critical modulator of the DNA repair pathway and ensures genomic integrity. p53 mutations are frequently detected in breast and other tumors....

UNLABELLED Increased expression of the sodium iodide symporter (NIS) is required for effective radioiodine treatment and reporter gene imaging of breast cancer. We investigated the effect of retinoic acid on adenovirus-mediated expression of the human NIS gene in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. METHODS The MCF-7 cell line was infected with recombinant adenovirus carrying the human NIS gene...

background: norepinephrine plays a trophic role in the control of cell replication and differentiation in target cells that express adrenergic receptors. methods: in this study, we have tested the influence of infraphysiological, physiological and supraphysiological concentrations (0.0001 nm, 1 nm, 10000 nm) of human norepinephrine on the proliferation of breast cancer cells (human breast adeno...