Adopting a policy and deciding on long-term investment in the mining industry by a government orprivate sector actors depends strongly on the ability to predict the scarcity of mineral reserves. Changein scarcity of mineral reserves is a function of several technological and non-technological factors.Among them, change in technology is the most significant factor affecting scarcity. This paper ...

These studies examined in vitro metabolism of phencyclidine (PCP) in a series of human liver microsomes (N = 10). Each sample was characterized for cytochrome P450 (CYP) content and for CYP1A, CYP2A, CYP2C, CYP2D, CYP2E, CYP3A, CYP4A, and lauric acid 11-hydroxylation metabolic activities. At least five PCP metabolites (c-PPC, t-PPC, PCHP, an unknown metabolite, and an irreversibly bound metabol...

Metabolites can have pharmacological or toxicological effects, inhibit metabolic enzymes, and be used as probes of drug-drug interactions or specific cytochrome P450 (P450) phenotypes. Thus, better understanding and prediction methods are needed to characterize metabolite exposures in vivo. This study aimed to test whether in vitro data could be used to predict and rationalize in vivo metabolit...

Green synthesis strategy generating a valuable metabolite through manipulation of the catalytic magnesium coordination an enzyme.

Several factors have been found recently to have a significant impact on newborn bone mineral content (BMC) and developing fetal bone. Recently we showed that maternal vitamin D deficiency may affect fetal bone mineralization. Korean winter-born newborn infants had extremely low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD), high serum cross-linked carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP; a ...

BACKGROUND Preoperative periarticular bone quality is affected by joint loading. The purpose of this study was to determine the periarticular bone mineral density of the knee joint of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty, and whether the location of the load-bearing axis correlates with the measured bone mineral density. MATERIALS AND METHODS The bone mineral densities of the medial an...

Lumbar spine bone mineral density in a cross sectional study of healthy subjects increased by 0.012 and 0.016 g/cm2/year in boys and girls respectively between 5 and 11 years of age. These rates increased five-fold in girls and threefold in boys between the ages of 11 and 13 years as a result of the bone mineral content increasing more rapidly than the coronal area at this age. By the age of 11...

Carbamazepine is a widely used anticonvulsant. Its metabolite, carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide, has been found to display similar anticonvulsant and neurotoxic properties. While the ratio of parent to metabolite concentration varies significantly, at therapeutic doses the epoxide concentration is generally about 20% of the parent. We report a case of fatal carbamazepine overdose in which the epoxid...

Although osteoporosis reduces overall bone mass causing bone fragility, recent studies report that the remaining bone tissue is significantly stiffer. Preliminary studies indicate that alterations in bone tissue mineral content might explain these changes, albeit that other studies report conflicting observations. The objective of this study is to quantify whether the distribution of bone tissu...