Abstract We examined the associations between teachers’ knowledge of language and literacy constructs, perceived ability to teach early skills, instructional practice, students’ reading outcomes. The results showed that teacher predicted quality instruction, but neither instruction nor were associated with stronger decoding or word outcomes once earlier skills controlled. Differentiation was ob...

A variety of ’best practice’ guides to multiple choice question writing exist in the literature, each commonly containing a set of specific recommendations. One such recommendation entails the use of ’none of the above’ (NOTA), with some authors discouraging and others advocating its use on multiple choice tests. Empirical research on the use of NOTA has produced mixed results regarding its eff...

Can skill in a language in a visual modality such as American Sign Language (ASL) contribute to the development of literacy in a spoken language such as English? Are there ways that signing can be used to interact with printed text that helps deaf children make connections to print and consequently, learn to read? What specific practices might users of signed languages engage in to promote an e...

Code-switching in multicultural and multilingual classrooms is a highly acceptable phenomenon that has repertoire of attributions country like Fiji, where English taught as compulsory second language (ESL). Naturally, the knowledge literary code-switching can be considered distinguishable from general because it used writing tool by authors texts. As worldwide changes teaching ESL methodologies...

Code-switching has been used by the language learners since primary school to communicate among themselves and comprehend their first second grammatical rules. It demonstrated that code-switching is a genuine occurrence could be difficult hinder. Hence, this study investigates learners’ reactions towards teachers’ practice in ESL classrooms functions of code-switching. Data were collected from ...

The Faculty of Arts at the University of Melbourne has implemented three flexible wireless classrooms for teaching and learning in the Humanities. These classrooms are designed to support innovative teaching practices and enhance natural human interactions. This paper reports the results of a survey of the impact on teaching in these classrooms. Results indicate that the opportunities provided ...

although university efl students represent a wide array of social and cultural identities, their multiple and diverse identities are not usually considered in foreign language classrooms. this qualitative case study attempted to examine identity conflicts experienced by iranian efl learners at the university context. to this end, two shiraz university students' identities were investigated. sem...

Despite the abundance of research on ELT teachers, little is known about teacher language awareness (TLA) with focus on its impact on pedagogical practice in the EFL context. To fill this gap, an in-depth study was conducted to examine the procedural dimension of TLA among eight EFL teachers with different teaching experiences (novice versus experienced) related to teaching grammar at Iranian l...