Aligned microtubule arrays spatially organize cell division, trafficking, and determine the direction of cell expansion in plant cells. In response to changes in environmental and developmental signals, cells reorganize their microtubule arrays into new configurations. Here, we tested the role of microtubule nucleation during hormone-induced microtubule array reorientation. We have found that i...

Stretch marks are common lesions of the skin appearing under mechanical overstressed, observed during rapid weight, growth variations or pregnancy. caused by molecular, cellular and fibrillar damages to skin, affecting its overall organization. There is a characteristic maturation stretch marks, which begins as striae rubrae, reversible inflammatory but shift albae, irreversible scars. Thus, it...

There is ongoing debate in spatial cognition about the mechanisms by which organisms are able to reorient, or reestablish a position, in the world after losing their bearing. The traditional view is that there is an encapsulated reorientation module that can only process environmental geometry such as distances or angles (Cheng, 1986). Recently, this view has been challenged on the grounds that...

Many studies have examined how humans and other animals reestablish a sense of direction following disorientation in enclosed environments. Results showing that geometric shape of an enclosure is typically encoded, sometimes to the exclusion of featural cues, have led to suggestions that geometry might be encoded in a dedicated geometric module. Recently, Miller and Shettleworth (2007) proposed...

We consider the dynamics of self-propelled particles subject to external torques. Two models for the reorientation of self-propulsion are considered: run-and-tumble particles and active Brownian particles. Using the standard tools of nonequilibrium statistical mechanics we show that the run and tumble particles have a more robust response to torques. This macroscopic signature of the underlying...

Introduction: The south polar region of Enceladus, a small icy satellite of Saturn, consists of young, tectonically deformed terrain and has an anomalously high heat flux [1,2]. We find that the pole-centered location of this region can be explained by reorientation of Enceladus induced by a large, low-density ice diapir within a relatively thick ice mantle. Poleward reorientation requires that...

Solid-state deuterium ((2)H) NMR spectroscopy was used to study the reorientation of magnetically ordered bicelles in the presence of the paramagnetic lanthanide Eu(3+). Bicelles were composed of 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) plus 1,2-dihexanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine plus either the anionic lipid 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-3-phosphoglycerol, or the cationic lipid 1,2-dimyrist...

The introduction of a mobile and polarized organic moiety as a cation in 3D lead-iodide perovskites brings fascinating optoelectronic properties to these materials. The extent and the time scales of the orientational mobility of the organic cation and the molecular mechanism behind its motion remain unclear, with different experimental and computational approaches providing very different quali...