This study used a quasi-experimental pre-post design to test whether short training can improve medicine sellers' (MSs) practices and skills for prevention and control of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in Bangladesh. The training included lectures, printed materials, and identification of referral sites. Difference-in-differences estimation was used to determine the effects of intervent...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Given the dual public health challenges of undertreated pain and opioid abuse, there is a need to reduce attractiveness of opioid analgesics to drug abusers. ALO-01 (morphine sulfate and naltrexone hydrochloride) extended-release capsules, indicated for treatment of chronic, moderate to severe pain, contain polymer-coated pellets of morphine, each with a core of sequest...

OBJECTIVE This cross-sectional study aimed at analyzing: 1. the main musculoskeletal symptoms (MSS) presented by hospital nursing workers and; 2. personal, occupational, and health factors related to MSS among them. METHOD Two questionnaires were filled in by 245 nurse technicians (NTs) and licensed practical nurses (LPNs) (response rate 95%) associated with direct patient care sectors from a...

Scatter correction is very important in 3-D PET reconstruction due to a large scatter contribution in measurements. Currently, one of the most popular methods is the so-called single scatter simulation (SSS), which considers single Compton scattering contributions from many randomly distributed scatter points. The SSS enables a fast calculation of scattering with a relatively high accuracy; how...

Hormonal and reproductive factors modulate bioavailable estrogen to influence endometrial cancer risk. Estrogen affects the microsatellite status of tumors, but the relation between these estrogen-related factors and microsatellite instability (MSI) status of endometrial tumors is not known. We evaluated associations between hormonal and reproductive factors and risks of microsatellite stable (...

A novel molecular classification of gastric cancer by the Asian Cancer Research Group (ACRG) is a potential advance in diagnosis and treatment, and it helps to determine prognosis. The use of immunohistochemistry (IHC) rather than gene expression analysis to determine tumor subtypes was evaluated with the aim of determining the feasibility of using the ACRG molecular classification. A total of ...

PURPOSE The genomic instability in colon cancer can be divided into at least two major types, microsatellite instability (MSI) or chromosomal instability (CIN). Although initially felt to be mutually exclusive, recent evidence suggests that there may be overlap between the two. The aim of this study was to identify chromosomal alterations at high resolution in sporadic colon cancers with high-l...

Increasing plant species diversity has been proposed as a means for enhancing annual pasture productivity and decreasing seasonal variability of pasture production facing more frequent drought scenarios due to climate change. Few studies have examined how botanical complexity of sown swards affects cow performance. A 2-year experiment was conducted to determine how sward botanical complexity, f...

In this paper, we propose a new detector of which the basis is on the median-shift sign. We call it the median-shift sign (MSS) detector, which is a generalization of the classical (standard) sign detector. First, we consider the asymptotic optimum median shift (MS) values and their characteristics. Next we consider the asymptotic relative efficiency (ARE) of the MSS detectors.