This paper opens by expressing disappointment in the disparities between published estimations of the effectiveness of foreign aid to developing countries and effectiveness data which arise from the application of complex econometric methods. The new dilemmas for aid policy include the fact that aid increasingly devoted to human development at the expense of productive activity is unlikely to ...

Emily Beller and Michael Hout examine trends in U.S. social mobility, especially as it relates to the degree to which a person's income or occupation depends on his or her parents' background and to the independent contribution of economic growth. They also compare U.S. social mobility with that in other countries. They conclude that slower economic growth since 1975 and the concentration of th...

The goal of my thesis is to analyze the military in a game theoretical framework as an independent interest group. The military is a fundamental institution of the state because it maintains internal law and order, and protects the state from external threats. But, it also has its own interests, which sometimes motivate it to intervene in political processes. Pakistan is a classical example of ...

The objective of this paper is to empirically analyze the relationship between job flows and regional income stabilization provided by the national tax and transfer systems. The analysis is based on an administrative panel data set containing all sectors in 20 Swedish regions for the time period 1989-2000. Controlling for unobserved regional effects we find that a high net tax-income ratio tend...

It is a truism that the national accounts have engendered their own concept of income which is different from other contexts such as business accounting, taxation or welfare analysis. Less known are the principles on which this income concept is based. This article is an attempt to specify such principles, investigating in particular the role of the transaction principle, and to derive an incom...

635 National Tax Journal Vol. LXI, No. 4, Part 1 December 2008 Abstract We examine how gross casino gambling revenues differ from other major tax bases in growth and variability. Long–run and short–run income elasticities are estimated using state–level gross casino revenue and state, regional and national income. We run separate time–series regressions for each of 11 states with signifi cant c...

OBJECTIVE To examine the association of state income inequality and individual household income with the mental and physical health of women with young children. DESIGN Cross sectional study. Individual level data (outcomes, income, and other sociodemographic covariates) from a 1991 follow up survey of a birth cohort established in 1988. State level income inequality calculated from the incom...

BACKGROUND Coverage levels for essential interventions aimed at reducing deaths of mothers and children are increasing steadily in most low-income and middle-income countries. We assessed how much poor and rural populations in these countries are benefiting from national-level progress. METHODS We analysed trends in a composite coverage indicator (CCI) based on eight reproductive, maternal, n...

AIMS To examine whether the observed diversity between national patterns of smoking prevalence could require modification of the World Health Organization (WHO) linear model for an international 'smoking pandemic' (a worldwide epidemic) to address data from non-western countries. METHOD We conducted secondary research using current measures in three publicly available databases: Globalink, th...

This article discusses the problem of compiling a balanced set of national accounts at constant prices. The method adopted is based on earlier work on this subject by Burge and Geary. Commodity flows, which are uniquely deflatable, are expressed at constant prices and savings in constant prices is obtained by preserving a balanced set of equations in real terms. The deflation of the external ac...